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dictator

noun

dictator ♦︎ tyrant ♦︎ despot ♦︎ autocratThese are all words for a ruler who has complete power over a country, especially one who uses it in a cruel way, or a person who behaves as if they have complete power over others. 这些词均表示独裁统治者或专横的人。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a / an cruel / brutal / evil / ruthless dictator / tyrant / despot◆a benevolent dictator / despot◆a dictator / tyrant / despot rules a country■ dictator [countable] (disapproving) a ruler who has complete power, especially one who has gained it using military force; a person who behaves as if they have complete power over people, and tells them what to do （尤指军事政变上台的）独裁者；发号施令者；专横的人◆The country suffered at the hands of a series of military dictators.在几个军事独裁者的接连统治下，这个国家饱受苦难。◆He was seen by many as a benevolent dictator (= one who tries to use his power in a good way).在许多人眼里他是个仁慈的独裁者。◆Her father was a dictator and the whole family was afraid of him.她父亲是个专横的人，全家人都怕他。  see also dictatorship ⇨ repression , dictatorial ⇨ repressive ■ tyrant ˈtaɪrənt [countable] (disapproving) a ruler who has complete power, or a person who has complete power over other people, especially when they use their power in a cruel way 暴君；专制君主；暴虐的统治者◆The country was ruled by a succession of tyrants.这个国家接连遭受暴君统治。◆Many of the naval officers were no more than petty tyrants.海军军官中许多人跟小暴君差不多。  see also tyranny ⇨ repression , tyrannical ⇨ repressive ■ despot ˈdespɒt; NAmE ˈdespɑːt [countable] (disapproving, rather formal) a ruler who has complete power, especially one who uses it in a cruel way 专制统治者；暴君◆It is the story of a military coup which brings a brutal despot to power.这就是那次军事政变的来龙去脉，它把一个残暴的专制统治者扶上了台。◆He was seen by many as an enlightened despot (= one who tries to use his power in a good way).在许多人眼里他是个开明的专制君主。■ autocrat ˈɔːtəkræt [countable] (often disapproving, rather formal, written) a ruler who has complete power; a person who behaves as if they have complete power over people, and tells them what to do 独裁者；专制统治者；专横的人◆He governed as an autocrat.他独裁专制。◆The article painted her as an autocrat, angry with her husband and out of touch with her family.这篇文章把她描绘成一个专横的人，跟丈夫斗气，不和家人联系。   see also autocratic ⇨ repressive NOTE 辨析 Which word?A tyrant is always cruel, whether they are the ruler of a country or a manager or teacher who just has authority over a few other people. A dictator or despot has complete power and is usually cruel, but it is possible to talk about a benevolent dictator/despot or an enlightened despot who tries to use their power in a good way. When used about the ruler of a country autocrat is not necessarily disapproving－it can be just a descriptive term for a ruler with complete power; however, autocrat is more often used, in a disapproving way, to describe a person in a position of power within a household or organization who always expects to be obeyed without question. * tyrant总是很残暴，无论是作为国家的统治者，还是管着几个人的经理或教师。dictator和despot都有绝对权力，而且通常都残暴，但也有合理使用权力的benevolent dictator/despot（仁慈的独裁者／专制君主）或enlightened despot（开明的专制君主）。autocrat指国家的统治者时仅表示拥有绝对权力，不一定含贬义；但autocrat更常用于贬义，指在家庭或组织内部拥有绝对权力、喜欢独断专行的人。

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