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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5599 COCA: 6576

happening or done in a natural, often sudden way, without any planning or without being forced自发的;非筹划安排的;非勉强的

His jokes seemed spontaneous, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand.他讲的笑话似乎是即兴的,但实际上是事先精心准备好的。
approving She's such a spontaneous, lively woman.她是个为人率直、充满活力的女子。

More examples

I am certain both these statements were spontaneous and genuine.

The audience broke into spontaneous applause.

What happened was not a spontaneous outburst of violence.

This was a spontaneous outpouring of emotion.

We had no plans to do it - it was a spontaneous thing.

TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5599 COCA: 6576
spontaneous

adjective

VERBS | ADVERB VERBSappear, be, seem看來像是自發的;是自發的;好像自發的ADVERBgenuinely自然而然quite, totally完全不由自主apparently, seemingly貌似/看似無意識的
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5599 COCA: 6576
spontaneous

adjective

spontaneous ♦︎ impromptu ♦︎ impulsive ♦︎ off-the-cuffThese words all describe things that have not been prepared or planned, or people who do things without planning or thinking about them first. 这些词均表示自发的、即兴的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a spontaneous / an impulsive gesture / reaction / acta spontaneous / an off-the-cuff remark spontaneous spɒnˈteɪniəs; NAmE spɑːnˈteɪniəs(of an action) not planned but done because you suddenly want to do it; done naturally, without being forced or practised (行动)自发的,自然的,非筹划安排的The audience burst into spontaneous applause.观众自发地鼓起掌来。It was a wonderfully spontaneous performance of the piece.这次演奏将那支乐曲表现得淳朴自然。 spontaneously

adverb

We spontaneously started to dance.我们情不自禁地跳起舞来。
impromptu ɪmˈprɒmptjuː; NAmE ɪmˈprɑːmptuːnot planned or prepared 无准备的;即兴的;即席的She gave an impromptu speech.她作了一次即兴演讲。They often held impromptu meetings in their house.他们经常在家里即兴聚会。Impromptu is usually used to describe public information occasions such as a lecture, a meeting, a press conference or a speech, which happen without being previously arranged. * impromptu通常用于修饰一些公开发布信息的场合,如lecture、meeting、press conference或speech,表示不是事先安排的。 impulsive ɪmˈpʌlsɪv acting or done suddenly without thinking carefully about what might happen as a result 凭冲动行事的;易冲动的He told me not to be impulsive but to think it over.他告诉我不要凭冲动行事,而是要仔细考虑一下。She has a generous and impulsive nature.她生性慷慨,而且容易冲动。You might advise sb not to be impulsive but if you describe sb as impulsive it is not usually very disapproving: it often suggests affection for the person or understanding of their faults. A more disapproving way of describing this behaviour would be rash or reckless. 我们可能会建议某人不要be impulsive,但如果说某人是impulsive,通常并没有强烈的贬义,而是常含对此人的关爱或对其缺点的理解。对冲动行为的贬义修饰词是rash或reckless。 See also the entry for reckless 另见reckless条 see also impulse desire impulsively

adverb

Impulsively he reached out and took her hand.他一时冲动便伸手握住了她的手。
ˌoff-the-ˈcuff (rather informal) said without thinking about it first 未经思考(或准备)的;即兴的He was embarrassed when a journalist's microphone picked up an off-the-cuff remark.他随口说的一句话被一个新闻记者用麦克风收了音,他很尴尬。 ˌoff the ˈcuff

adverb

I'm just speaking off the cuff here-I haven't seen the results yet.我只是在这里即兴说说而已-我还没看到结果呢。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5599 COCA: 6576
spontaneous
Not planned: random, arbitrary, spontaneous...
Friendly: friendly, nice, warm...
Describing chemicals and chemical processes: active, aerobic, alkaline...

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