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BNC: 4686 COCA: 3862
punish

verb

punish ♦︎ sentence ♦︎ penalize ♦︎ discipline ♦︎ come down on sbThese words all mean to make sb suffer because they have broken a rule or law or done sth wrong. 这些词均表示惩罚、处罚。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配to punish / sentence / penalize / discipline / come down on sb for doing sthto punish / penalize / discipline sb by sthto punish / sentence / penalize / come down on an offenderto punish / discipline a childto punish / penalize (bad, unacceptable, etc.) behaviourto punish / penalize / come down on sb heavilyto punish / penalize sb unfairly punish [transitive] to make sb suffer because they have broken a rule or law, or done sth wrong; to set the punishment for a particular crime 惩罚;处罚;判定⋯的处罚方式He was punished for refusing to answer their questions.他拒不回答他们的问题,受到了惩罚。My parents used to punish me by not letting me watch TV.过去我父母常以不让我看电视来处罚我。In those days murder was always punished with the death penalty.那个时候,谋杀罪总是判死刑。 sentence [transitive, often passive] to say officially in court that sb is to receive a particular punishment 判决;宣判;判刑to be sentenced to death / life imprisonment / three years in prison被判死刑/终生监禁/三年徒刑 penalize (BrE also penalise) ˈpiːnəlaɪz [transitive, often passive] to punish sb for breaking a rule or law by making them suffer a disadvantage, such as paying a fine or losing marks in an exam; to punish sb for breaking a rule in a sport or game by giving an advantage to their opponent 处罚,惩罚(如罚款、考试扣分);(体育运动中)判罚You will be penalized for poor spelling.拼写不好将被扣分。The goalkeeper was penalized for time-wasting.守门员因拖延时间而受罚。If sb is unfairly penalized, they suffer a disadvantage because of sth they cannot control. The word penalize is often used to describe an unfair disadvantage. * be unfairly penalized指因某些事情不可掌控而处于不利。penalize一词常用于描述因不公而使处于劣势Will he be penalized for absence due to ill health?他因身体欠佳缺席会受罚吗? discipline ˈdɪsəplɪn [transitive] (rather formal) to punish sb for sth they have done 惩罚;处罚The officers were disciplined for using racist language.这些警察因使用带有种族歧视的语言受到处罚。A person can be disciplined by sb who has authority over them, for example, a child by a parent or teacher, a worker by an employer, or a soldier by an officer. * be disciplined可指受到上级或长辈的处罚,如孩子被家长或教师处罚、工人被雇主处罚,或士兵被军官处罚等。 see also discipline control noun ˌcome ˈdown on sb

phrasal verb

(came, come) [no passive] (informal) to punish sb or severely criticize them for sth they have done wrong 斥责;训斥;惩罚Don't come down too hard on her.责备她不要太严厉。The courts are coming down heavily on young offenders.法庭对年轻罪犯实行严惩。

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