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IELTS BNC: 139 COCA: 186
case noun
⇨ case (a court case) ⇨ argument 2 (the case for/against sth) ⇨ box (a pencil/packing case) ⇨ example 1 (in this/sb's case) ⇨ investigation (a murder case) ⇨ patient (a case of pneumonia) ⇨ situation (It is not the case that…) ⇨ suitcase (pack your case) case

noun

case ♦︎ trial ♦︎ hearing ♦︎ appeal ♦︎ action ♦︎ suit ♦︎ lawsuit ♦︎ proceeding ♦︎ prosecution ♦︎ litigation ♦︎ court martialThese are all words for a formal legal dispute between people that is decided in court. 这些词均表示官司、诉讼、审判。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) legal case / hearing / appeal / action / proceedings◆(a) criminal case / hearing / appeal / action / proceedings / prosecution / litigation◆(a) civil case / hearing / appeal / action / suit / lawsuit / proceedings / litigation◆a murder / rape / fraud case / trial◆(a) libel case / trial / hearing / action / suit / proceedings◆to bring a case / an action / a suit / a lawsuit / proceedings / a prosecution (against sb / sth)◆to take action / proceedings (against sb / sth)◆to file an appeal / a suit / a lawsuit◆to face trial / a hearing / an action / a suit / a lawsuit / proceedings / prosecution / litigation / court martial◆to hear a case / an appeal◆to win / lose a case / an appeal / an action / a suit / a lawsuit■ case [countable] a question to be decided in court; the facts and evidence that are used to accuse or defend sb/sth in court 诉讼；待裁决的案件；（在法庭上用来控告或辩护的）论据，理由◆The case will be heard next week.此案下周审理。◆The new evidence weakened the case for the defence.新的证据削弱了被告的论据。◆Our lawyer didn't think we had a case (= had good enough arguments to win in court).我们的律师认为我们论据不足，赢不了官司。■ trial [uncountable, countable] a formal examination of evidence in court by a judge and often a jury, to decide if sb accused of a crime is guilty or not （法院的）审讯，审理，审判◆He's on trial for murder.他因涉嫌谋杀罪受审。◆She will stand trial for fraud.她因涉嫌诈骗将受审。◆The men were arrested but not brought to trial.这些人已被捕，但未移交法院审判。◆The case never came to trial.此案从未开庭审理。◆He did not receive a fair trial.他没有受到公正的审判。■ hearing [countable] an official meeting at which the facts about a crime, complaint, etc. are presented to the person or group of people who will have to decide what action to take 审讯；听审；听证会◆a court / disciplinary hearing庭审；纪律聆讯◆At a preliminary hearing the judge announced that the trial would begin on March 21.在预审时，法官宣布将在3月21日进行审理。◆She was granted a divorce in a five-minute hearing.经过五分钟的审理，法庭准许她离婚。■ appeal [countable, uncountable] a formal request to a court or to sb in authority for a judgement or decision to be changed 上诉；申诉◆ (BrE) to lodge an appeal提出上诉◆ (NAmE) to file an appeal提出上诉◆ (BrE) an appeal court / judge上诉法庭／法官◆ (NAmE) an appeals court / judge上诉法庭／法官◆He lost his appeal against the 3-match ban.他对禁赛3场的处罚提出申诉，但遭驳回。■ action [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) a legal process to settle a dispute or deal with a complaint 诉讼；起诉◆A libel action is being brought against the magazine that published the article.刊发该文章的杂志将受到诽谤诉讼。◆He is considering taking legal action against the hospital.他正考虑起诉这家医院。■ suit [countable] (rather formal) a claim or complaint against sb that a person or organization can make in court 起诉；控告◆His former business associate filed a suit against him claiming £5 million damages.他以前的生意伙伴对他提起诉讼，索要500万英镑的损害赔偿金。◆Their arguments grew worse and worse and ended with a divorce suit.他们吵得越来越凶，最终提出了离婚诉讼。■ lawsuit ˈlɔːsuːt, ˈlɔːsjuːt [countable] (rather formal) a suit 诉讼；起诉◆The opening of the factory was delayed because of a lawsuit brought by an environmental group.因为一个环保团体提起诉讼，工厂推迟开业了。■ proceeding prəˈsiːdɪŋ [countable, usually plural] (rather formal) the process of using a court to settle a dispute or to deal with a complaint 诉讼；诉讼程序◆The company has started legal proceedings against its competitor.那家公司对竞争对手提起了法律诉讼。■ prosecution ˌprɒsɪˈkjuːʃn; NAmE ˌprɑːsɪˈkjuːʃn [uncountable, countable] the process of trying to prove in court that sb is guilty of a crime; the process of being officially charged with a crime in court （被）起诉，检举；诉讼◆Prosecution for a first minor offence rarely leads to imprisonment.对轻罪初犯者的起诉很少判处监禁。◆He threatened to bring a private prosecution against the doctor.他威胁要对医生提起民事诉讼。   see also prosecute ⇨ accuse ■ litigation ˌlɪtɪˈgeɪʃn [uncountable] (rather formal) the process of making or defending a claim in court 诉讼；打官司◆The company has been in litigation with its auditors for a full year.那家公司和它的审计员已经打官司整整一年。■ ˌcourt ˈmartial ˈmɑːʃl; NAmE ˈmɑːrʃl(plural courts martial) [countable, uncountable] a military court that deals with members of the armed forces who break military law; a trial at such a court 军事法庭；军事法庭的审判；军法审判◆He was convicted at a court martial.他在军事法庭上被判有罪。◆All the soldiers now face court martial.现在，所有这些士兵都面临军事法庭的审判。

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