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IELTS BNC: 683 COCA: 642
populationnoun [ C, + sing/pl verb ]uk/ˌpɒp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ us/ˌpɑː.pjəˈleɪ.ʃən/

B1 all the people living in a particular country, area, or place人口；全体居民

Ten percent of the population lived in poverty.10%的人口生活在贫困之中。
In 1992 the population of Cairo was approximately 6,500,000.1992年开罗的人口约为650万。
a growing/shrinking population增长／逐渐减少的人口
Throughout the war, there were horrific casualties among the civilian populations of both countries.整个战争期间，两国平民伤亡惨重。
The UN is investigating new methods of population control (= limiting the growth of the number of people).联合国正在研究控制人口的新方法。
The country is facing a population explosion (= sudden growth in the number of people).这个国家正面临着一场人口爆炸。

B2 all the people or animals of a particular type or group who live in one country, area, or place（统称）（一定范围内的）人口，动物总数

There's been a nine percent rise in the prison population (= the number of people in prison).监狱收押人数上升了9%。
The dolphin population has been decimated by tuna fishing.捕捞金枪鱼导致海豚的数量大大减少。

More examples

Children make up a large proportion of the world's population.

The population as a whole is getting healthier.

The early settlers enslaved or killed much of the native population.

In the past eight years, the elephant population in Africa has been halved.

Many of the world's cities have populations of more than five million.

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