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IELTS BNC: 500 COCA: 627
shortadjectiveuk/ʃɔːt/ us/ʃɔːrt/

short adjective DISTANCE

A1 small in length, distance, or height短的；矮的

a short skirt短裙
Her hair is much shorter than it used to be.她的头发比过去短多了。
It's only a short walk to the station.去车站只需走很短一段路程。
I'm fairly short but my brother's very tall.我们家人都比较矮，可我弟弟却很高。

B2 used to say that a name is used as a shorter form of another name（名字）简称的，缩略的

Her name's Jo - it's short for Josephine.她名叫乔，是约瑟芬的简称。
Her name's Josephine, or Jo for short.她名叫约瑟芬，或简称为乔。

More examples

Runners come in all shapes and sizes - fat and thin, short and tall.

"I'm going to wear a short black skirt and thigh-length boots." "Ooh, you devil!"

Like a lot of short men, he tends to draw himself up to his full height in public.

It's not fashionable to wear short skirts at the moment.

Many short rivers flow into the Pacific Ocean.

short adjective TIME

A1 being an amount of time that is less than average or usual短的，短暂的

a short film/visit短片／短暂的访问
He's grown so much in such a short time.他在如此短的时间里长高了这么多。
I work much better if I take a short break every hour or so.如果每小时我都休息一小会儿，我的工作效率会高很多。

A2 Short books, letters, and other examples of writing do not contain many words and do not take much time to read.（书、信等）简短的

It's a very short book - you'll read it in an hour.这是一本篇幅很短的书——你1个小时就能读完。

More examples

She closed the meeting with a short speech.

Act Two begins with a short dialogue between father and son.

We were there for such a short time, we didn't really get the feel of the place.

He made a short speech at the graveside, then the body was finally buried.

Life's too short to worry about money!

short adjective LACKING

be short (of/on sth)

B1 to not have enough of something短缺的，缺乏的

to be short of space/time空间／时间不足
We're short on coffee - I'd better get some more.我们的咖啡不多了——我最好去再买一些。
The bill comes to £85, but we're £15 short.账单是85英镑，但我们还缺15英镑。
I'm a little short (= I do not have much money) this week - could you lend me ten dollars?我这星期钱有点儿不够用——能借我10美元吗？

More examples

It crossed my mind yesterday that you must be a bit short of staff - shall I send someone to help out?

Doctors are short of time to listen and are therefore keen to dish out drugs whenever they can.

His main source of work had dried up, leaving him short of money.

I'd love to come on holiday with you, but I'm a bit short of/low on funds at the moment.

The vote fell short of the majority needed for an override of the Governor's veto.

short of breath

unable to breathe very well, for example because you have been running or doing some type of energetic exercise喘不过气，上气不接下气

She's always short of breath when she climbs the stairs.她爬楼梯时总是上气不接下气。
be in short supply

to be few or not enough in number不够用，数量不足

Free desks are in short supply in this office.这间办公室里的可用的桌子不够。
go short mainly UK

to not have something, especially when it is something you need in order to live（尤指生存必需品）缺少，缺乏

My parents didn't have much money, but they made sure we didn't go short (of anything).我父母并没有多少钱，但他们总是确保我们不会缺衣少食。

short adjective NOT PATIENT

[ after verb ] saying little but showing slight impatience or anger in the few words that you say（说话时）简慢的，简短无礼的

I'm sorry if I was a bit short with you on the phone this morning.我很抱歉今天早上我在电话里对你有点不耐烦。

Idiom(s)

be caught/taken short
be short notice
draw/get the short straw
get the short end of the stick
have (got) sb by the short and curlies
have a short memory
in short
make short work of sth
not be short of a bob or two
short and sweet
short sharp shock
shortnoun [ C ]uk/ʃɔːt/ us/ʃɔːrt/

short noun [ C ] DRINK

UK informal US shot a drink of spirits (= type of strong alcohol) without water or any other liquid added（未掺兑的）纯烈性酒

She only drinks shorts, never wine or beer.她只喝纯烈性酒，从不喝葡萄酒或啤酒。

short noun [ C ] FILM

a short film, especially one made for showing before the main film at a cinema（尤指正片播映之前播放的）电影短片

short noun [ C ] ELECTRICITY

informal forshort circuit 短路（同 short circuit）

shortverb [ I or T ]uk/ʃɔːt/ us/ʃɔːrt/

informal forshort-circuit (short circuit) 短路（同 short circuit）

The plumber shorted the washing machine.水管工把洗衣机弄短路了。
shortadverbuk/ʃɔːt/ us/ʃɔːrt/

before the arranged or expected time or place早；提前

We wanted to explain the plans fully, but the chairman stopped us short, as there were other important matters to discuss.我们想完整地介绍这些计划，但是主席提前打断了我们的发言，因为还有其他重要的事情需要讨论。

Idiom(s)

cut sth short
short-prefixuk/ʃɔːt-/ us/ʃɔːrt-/

used with adjectives ending in -ed formed from nouns to describe something with a short part（与以 -ed 结尾、由名词变化而来的形容词连用）短…的

a short-haired dog (= a dog with short hair)短毛狗
a short-sleeved shirt (= a shirt with short sleeves)短袖衬衫

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