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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4228 COCA: 3217
sanction

noun¹

1(usually sanctions) punishment懲罰ADJECTIVE | VERB + SANCTION | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEeconomic, financial, military, trade經濟/金融/軍事/貿易制裁civil, criminal, disciplinary民事制裁;刑事制裁;紀律處罰legal, penal, social法律制裁;刑事制裁;社會懲戒international, UN國際/聯合國制裁severe, strict嚴厲的處罰punitive懲罰性制裁effective有效的懲罰VERB + SANCTIONapply, enforce, impose, use施以處罰;執行制裁;實施制裁;運用處罰end, lift結束/解除制裁call for要求制裁threaten威脅要制裁PREPOSITIONsanction against對⋯的懲罰The UN called for sanctions against the invading country.聯合國要求對侵略國進行制裁。There were strict sanctions against absenteeism.曠工會受到嚴厲處分。sanction for為⋯的懲罰Employers imposed heavy sanctions for union activity.雇主對工會活動實施重罰。PHRASESthe imposition of sanctions制裁的實施the lifting of sanctions制裁的解除a threat of sanctions制裁的威脅
sanction

noun²

2official permission正式批准ADJECTIVE | VERB + SANCTION | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEgovernment, official政府/官方批准The movement was first given official sanction in the 1960s.該運動於 20 世紀 60 年代首次獲得了官方首肯。divine, religious上天的/宗教認可VERB + SANCTIONgive sth給予⋯許可The conference gave its official sanction to the change of policy.大會正式批准了政策的改變。PREPOSITIONwith sb/sth's sanction, without sb/sth's sanction經過/未經⋯的許可No decision can be taken without the sanction of the committee.未經委員會的許可,不得作出任何決定。
sanction

verb

ADVERB | VERB + SANCTION ADVERBofficially正式批准legally, socially法律/社會認可Slavery was once socially sanctioned.蓄奴制曾經受到社會認可。divinely上天認可VERB + SANCTIONrefuse to拒絕批准

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