1what you can or cannot do, say, etc.規定ADJECTIVE | ... OF RULES | VERB + RULE | RULE + VERB | RULE + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASESADJECTIVE➤basic, cardinal, first, fundamental, golden基本規則;首要準則;根本規則;指導原則▸➤ground rules基本規則◇You and your roommates should establish some ground rules.你和你的舍友應該定一些基本規則。➤general通則▸➤special特殊規定▸➤formal, official, written正式條例;書面規則▸➤informal, unspoken, unwritten非正式條例;潛規則;不成文的規則▸➤old, traditional舊有的/傳統的規則◇the traditional rules of grammar傳統的語法規則➤current, existing當前的/現存的規則▸➤proposed提議的規則▸➤new新規則▸➤rigid, strict, stringent嚴苛的規章;嚴格的規則▸➤absolute, hard and fast絕對的/不可更改的規則◇There are no hard and fast rules when it comes to choosing a typeface.用哪種字體沒有硬性規定。➤clear清楚的規則▸➤simple簡單的規則◇Follow these few simple rules, and you won't go far wrong.遵守這幾個簡單的規則,你就不會出什麼大錯。➤arbitrary隨意制訂的規則▸➤petty (especially BrE) 瑣碎的規則◇He made his children's lives a misery with all his petty rules.他的瑣碎規定把孩子們的生活弄得苦不堪言。➤club, company, competition, house, school, union, etc.俱樂部規則、公司章程、競賽規則、家規、校規、工會章程等▸➤federal, global, international聯邦條例;全球性規則;國際規則◇federal rules on campaign fund-raising關於籌集競選資金的聯邦條例➤cultural, ethical, legal, moral, social文化/倫理/法律/道德/社會準則▸➤accounting, disciplinary, immigration, privacy, safety, tax會計準則;紀律規章;移民條例;隱私條例;安全準則;稅務條例▸➤grammar, grammatical語法規則... OF RULES➤set一套規則◇The aim is to get each member country to adhere to a single set of rules.目標就是使每個成員國都遵守一套單一的規則。VERB + RULE➤create, develop, draw up, establish, formulate, impose, issue, lay down, make, set out, write創建/形成/起草/建立/陳述/強加/頒佈/制訂/擬訂/闡明/撰寫規則◇The rules were drawn up to make it fair for everyone.為了使人人平等而起草了這些規定。◇You don't make the rules, you know.要知道規則不是由你制訂的。➤abide by, accept, adhere to, follow, go by, obey, observe, play by, stick to遵守規則;接受規則;服從規則◇If he wanted a loan he would have to play by the bank's rules.如果他想貸款的話,必須按銀行的規定行事。➤be in line with, conform to符合規章◇The packaging does not conform to EU rules.這種包裝不符合歐盟的規定。➤have有規章◇The sport has strict rules for player safety.這項運動針對運動員的安全有着嚴格的規定。➤be in breach of, break, disregard, fall foul of, flout, ignore, violate違反規則;無視規章◇Their action was in breach of Stock Exchange rules.他們的行為違反了證券交易所的規定。➤apply, enforce實行/執行規則◇The referee applied the rules to the letter (= very strictly).裁判嚴格執法。➤adopt, use通過/起用規則▸➤bend, relax變通/放寬規則◇Couldn't they just bend the rules and let us in without a ticket?他們就不能通融一下,讓我們免票入場嗎?➤waive豁免遵守規則▸➤tighten up強化規則◇The rules on claiming have been tightened up.索賠的規定已變嚴格了。➤change, rewrite改變/修改規則◇The Internet has changed the rules of business.因特網改變了商業規則。◇The rules of dating have had to be rewritten, thanks to the movies.由於電影的影響,約會的規則已經不得不作出改變。➤be bound by, be governed by受規則束縛/影響◇Employees are bound by rules of confidentiality.雇員必須遵守保密原則。➤know, learn, remember瞭解/學習/記住規則◇You should know the rules by now.你到現在應該知道這些規則了。➤read讀規章▸➤explain解釋規則▸➤interpret, understand解釋/理解規則◇The punishment depends on how the umpire interprets the rules.怎樣處罰取決於裁判如何解釋規則。RULE + VERB➤apply, be applicable, operate規則適用;規則有效▸➤come into effect, come into force規章生效◇New accounting rules come into force next year.新的會計準則明年生效。➤dictate sth, provide sth (formal) , require sth, say sth, state sth, stipulate sth規則規定⋯;規則要求⋯◇The competition rules provide that a cash alternative may be given.競賽規則規定也可以獎勵現金。➤govern sth規則影響⋯◇the rules governing the importing of livestock管理進口牲畜的規定➤allow sth, allow for sth, permit sth規則准許⋯◇The existing rules allow for some flexibility.現行的規則容許一定的靈活性。➤forbid sth, prevent sth, prohibit sth規則禁止⋯;規則防止⋯▸➤limit sth, restrict sth規定限制⋯◇rules limiting imports限制進口的規則➤change規則改變◇The rules keep changing.規則不斷地改變。RULE + NOUN➤book規則手冊◇The officials went strictly by the rule book.官員們嚴格按照規則手冊行事。➤change規則的改變◇Several proposed rule changes have been announced.已經宣佈了幾個變更規則的提議。PREPOSITION➤according to the rules按照規則◇According to the rules, no alcohol can be consumed on the premises.按照規定,場內不准飲酒。➤against the rules, contrary to the rules違反規則◇Tackling a player without the ball is against the rules.擒抱無球隊員是犯規的。➤in accordance with the rules根據規則◇The music was turned off at midnight, in accordance with the rules.根據規定,音樂在午夜停止播放了。➤outside the rules在規則範圍外◇conduct which is outside the rules不合規則的行為➤under a/the rule在規則下◇Under this rule, only full members of the club are entitled to vote.按照這一規定,只有俱樂部的正式成員才有權投票。➤within the rules在規則範圍內◇I believed I was acting within the rules.我認為我是在規則範圍內行事的。➤rule about, rule concerning, rule on, rule regarding, rule relating to有關⋯的規則◇What are the school rules about dress?學校對着裝有什麼規定?➤rule for針對⋯的規則◇There seems to be one rule for the rich and another for the poor.好像對富人有一套規定,對窮人又另有一套規定似的。◇What is the rule for forming plurals?構成複數的規則是什麼?➤rule of⋯的規則◇the rules of the game比賽規則PHRASES➤a breach of the rules, a violation of the rules對規則的違反➤a body of rules, a code of rules, a system of rules一套規章體系➤respect for the rules尊重規則➤rules and regulations規章制度▸➤rule of thumb (= a practical method of doing or measuring sth)經驗法則rule
noun²
2what is usual慣常做法ADJECTIVE | PREPOSITION | PHRASESADJECTIVE➤general一般慣例◇There are few exceptions to the general rule that bars close at midnight.酒吧一般午夜關門,很少有例外的情形。PREPOSITION➤as a rule通常◇As a rule, hardly anybody uses this road.多數情況下,幾乎沒有人走這條路。PHRASES➤be the rule是普遍情況◇Among her friends, casual dress and a relaxed manner are the rule.她的朋友一般都衣着休閒,舉止也輕鬆隨意。rule
noun³
3government政府ADJECTIVE | VERB + RULE | PREPOSITION | PHRASESADJECTIVE➤authoritarian, harsh獨裁的/苛嚴的統治▸➤direct, indirect直接/間接統治▸➤emergency緊急狀態◇The president imposed emergency rule following the riots.暴亂發生後,總統宣佈進入緊急狀態。➤majority多數黨執政▸➤one-party一黨執政▸➤Communist, Labour, Republican, etc.共產黨、工黨、共和黨等執政▸➤colonial, imperial殖民/帝國統治▸➤home地方自治▸➤civilian, military文官/軍事統治▸➤presidential總統統治▸➤constitutional, democratic憲法/民主統治▸➤mob暴民統治◇the lawless days of mob rule暴民統治的無法無天的日子VERB + RULE➤impose實施統治PREPOSITION➤under... rule在⋯的統治下◇The country remained under direct rule by the occupying powers.這個國家仍處於佔領國的直接統治之下。PHRASES➤the rule of law法治◇a society based on the rule of law法治社會rule
verb
ADVERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASESADVERB➤justly公正地統治PREPOSITION➤by按⋯統治◇the president's powers to rule by decree總統依法統治的權力➤over統治⋯◇He left his son to rule over Saragossa.他讓兒子統治薩拉戈薩。PHRASES➤rule supreme主宰▸➤rule with an iron fist, rule with an iron hand, rule with a rod of iron (especially BrE) (= control a person or group of people very severely)鐵腕統治;用高壓手段控制rule
verb
●rule sth outADVERB➤altogether, categorically, completely, definitely, entirely, totally把⋯完全排除在外;把⋯明確排除在外;把⋯徹底排除在外◇This theory cannot be ruled out altogether.這一理論不能完全不予考慮。➤virtually (especially BrE) 實際上把⋯排除在外➤effectively事實上將⋯排除在外◇His age effectively ruled him out as a possible candidate.他的年齡使他不可能成為候選人。➤apparently顯然把⋯排除在外▸➤automatically自動把⋯排除在外◇Infringement of this regulation would automatically rule you out of the championship.違背這一規則會被自動取消參加錦標賽的資格。➤immediately立即把⋯排除在外▸➤previously (especially BrE) 以前把⋯排除在外VERB + RULE OUT➤cannot, refuse to不能/拒絕將⋯排除在外◇We cannot rule out the possibility of a recession.我們不能排除經濟衰退的可能性。PREPOSITION➤as認為⋯不可能是◇Police have now ruled her out as the killer.現在警方相信她不可能是殺人兇手。
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