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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 971 COCA: 1015
surfacenounuk/ˈsɜː.fɪs/ us/ˈsɝː-/

surface noun TOP

B2 [ C ] the outer or top part or layer of something表面，表层，外层

Tropical rain forests used to cover ten percent of the earth's surface.以前，地球表面的10%都被热带雨林所覆盖。
The marble has a smooth, shiny surface.大理石表面光滑亮泽。
Neil Armstrong was the first person to set foot on the surface of the moon.尼尔‧阿姆斯特朗是第一个登上月球的人。

[ C ] the top layer of a field or track on which sports are played（场地或跑道的）地面

The match will be played on an artificial/all-weather surface.这场比赛将会在人工／全天候场地上进行。

[ C ] the flat top part of a table, cupboard, etc.（桌子、橱柜等的）表面，台面

a work surface工作台面
Don't put anything wet on a polished surface, or it will leave a mark.别把任何湿东西放在抛光的台面上，不然会留下印痕的。

More examples

She watched the sunlight dancing on the water's surface.

Pollution has decayed the surface of the stonework on the front of the cathedral.

There seems to have been some abrasion of the surface.

The surface had been filed smooth.

Roll out the pastry on a flat surface.

surface noun APPEARANCE

B2 [ S ] The surface of a situation or person is what they appear to be, or the features they have that are not hidden or difficult to see.（情况的）表面；（人的）外表

On the surface, this seems like a difficult problem, but in fact there's an easy solution to it.表面上来看，这是一个难题，但事实上它很容易解决。
Beneath/Below/Under the surface of contemporary West Indian life lurk memories of slavery.在西印度现代生活的背后，有关奴隶制度的记忆依然挥之不去。
Suddenly, all her anger came/rose to the surface (= became obvious).她所有的愤怒一下子都爆发出来了。

Idiom(s)

scratch/scrape the surface
surfaceverbuk/ˈsɜː.fɪs/ us/ˈsɝː-/

surface verb TOP

[ I ] to rise to the surface of water浮出水面

The submarine surfaced a few miles off the coast.潜艇在离海岸几英里的地方浮出了水面。

[ T ] to cover a road or other area with a hard surface给（道路等）铺上硬面

surface verb KNOWN

[ I ] If a feeling or information surfaces, it becomes known.显露，表露，浮现，公开

Doubts are beginning to surface about whether the right decision has been made.人们开始对这个决定是否正确表示质疑。
A rumour has surfaced that the company is about to go out of business.有传言说这家公司要停业了。

surface verb OUT OF BED

[ I ] informal to get out of bed起床

He never surfaces until at least 11.00 a.m. on a Sunday.他星期天至少要睡到上午11点才起床。
surfaceadjectiveuk/ˈsɜː.fɪs/ us/ˈsɝː-/

surface adjective TOP

working or operating on the top of the land or sea, rather than under the land or sea, or by air地表上作业的；海面上作业的

surface adjective APPEARANCE

[ before noun ] appearing in a particular way but not always showing the truth表面的；外表的

his surface appearance of calm confidence他表面上的冷静自信
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 971 COCA: 1015
surface

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + SURFACE | SURFACE + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤even, flat, level, smooth平坦的表面；水平的表面；光滑的表面▸➤rough, uneven粗糙的／凹凸不平的表面▸➤curved彎曲的表面▸➤firm, hard, solid堅硬的／硬實的／結實的表面▸➤soft柔軟的表面▸➤slippery滑溜溜的表面▸➤calm, glassy, polished, reflective, shiny平靜的／光亮的／拋光的／反光的／閃光的表面◇the glassy surface of the lake光亮如鏡的湖面➤frozen結冰的表面◇The ball rolled onto the frozen surface of the pond.球滾到了池塘的冰面上。➤inner, interior, internal內表面◇the inner surface of a bone骨頭的內壁➤exterior, external, outer外表面▸➤lower, upper下表面；上表面▸➤water水面▸➤floor, ground, land, ocean, road, rock, sea, wall地板表面；地面；陸地表面；洋面；路面；岩石表面；海面；牆面▸➤kitchen, work, working廚房枱面；工作枱◇a cleaning product for all kitchen surfaces各種廚房枱面的清潔產品VERB + SURFACE➤come to, come up to, reach, rise to顯露；升上表面；到達表面➤hit到達表面▸➤bring sth to使⋯來到表面◇The captain brought the submarine to the surface.艇長使潛水艇升到水面上。➤coat, cover覆蓋／蓋住表面➤break, penetrate打破／穿透表面➤smooth使表面光滑◇Smooth the surface with a spatula.用抹刀把表面抹平。➤scratch, skim, touch (all figurative) 淺嘗輒止；隔靴搔癢◇The investigation barely scratched the surface of the city's drug problem.這次調查只是觸及了該城市毒品問題的表面。SURFACE + NOUN➤area表面面積▸➤level表面層▸➤layer表層◇the surface layer of the skin皮膚的表層➤temperature, tension表面溫度／張力▸➤water地表水◇Surface water made driving conditions hazardous.路面積水對行車安全構成隱患。PREPOSITION➤above the surface, on a/the surface, over the surface在表面上方；在表面上；表面上看◇A trail of flowers floated on the surface of the water.一串花漂浮在水面。◇The breeze created a slight ripple on the surface of the pond.微風讓池塘的水面泛起漣漪。◇On the surface his words were funny, but I detected a lot of anger behind them. (figurative) 他的話表面上好笑，但我覺察出這些話背後隱藏着一肚子怨氣。➤below the surface, beneath the surface, under the surface在表面以下；實際上◇The ring slowly sank beneath the surface of the mud pool.戒指慢慢沉入了泥潭。◇She gives the impression of being rather conventional, but under the surface she is wildly eccentric. (figurative) 她給人印象很傳統，實際上卻是個極不尋常的人。➤across the surface, along the surface橫穿表面；沿着表面➤in the surface在表層◇Cracks began to appear in the surface of the earth.地球表面開始出現裂縫。PHRASES➤the Earth's surface, the surface of the Earth地球表面◇Visible light from the sun passes through the atmosphere to the Earth's surface.太陽發出的可見光穿過大氣層照到地球表面。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 971 COCA: 1015
surface verb
⇨ emerge
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 971 COCA: 1015

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