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BNC: 119 COCA: 130
lastadjective, adverb, pronoun, nounuk/lɑːst/ us/læst/

A2 (the person or thing) after everyone or everything else最终的；最后的

[ + to infinitive ] I hate being the last one to arrive at a meeting.我不愿意开会时最后一个到。
Our house is the last one on the left before the traffic lights.我们家是交通信号灯前左侧的最后一家。
The Mets will surely finish the season in last place (= at the lowest rank of their division).梅茨队本赛季肯定要垫底了。
I know Johnson finished last in the race, but who was second to last (= the one before the one at the end)?我知道约翰逊在比赛中倒数第一，但谁是倒数第二呢？
I don't know why he bothers to bet - his horses always come in last.我不明白他为什么还要去下注——他选的马总是落在最后面。
At the last moment (= as late as possible) he changed his mind.在最后一刻他改了主意。
He always leaves important decisions to the last (possible) moment (= as late as possible).在重大问题上他总要拖到最后一刻才作决定。
at (long) last

B1 finally终于，最终

I've finished my essay at last!我终于把论文写完了！
At long last the government is starting to listen to our problems.政府最后终于开始关注我们的问题了。
the last person, thing, etc.

B2 the least expected or wanted person or thing最让人想不到的人／事；最不想见的人／最不愿干的事

Three extra people to feed - that's the last thing I need!再多养活3口人——我可受不了！
The last thing I wanted was to make you unhappy.我最不愿见到的就是惹你不开心。
Matthew is the last person I'd expect to be interested in dance.我认为马修是最不喜欢跳舞的人。
He's the last person I'd trust with my keys.我最不放心把钥匙托付给他了。

More examples

She's the last person to be interested in violent movies.

Cream cakes are the last thing you should eat if you're on a diet.

He's the last person I'd trust to look after my children.

The last thing I need is more work to do.

I think I'm getting a headache - that's the last thing I need today!

last thing (at night)

at the latest time in the day在一天的最后

I'll switch on the washing machine last thing so it'll be finished when I get up in the morning.晚上睡觉前我会开启洗衣机，这样等我早晨起床后衣服就洗好了。
the last time

If you say that it is the last time you will do something, you mean that you will never do it again.最后一次

He never even thanked me, so that's the last time I do him a favour.他甚至从未向我表示过感谢，所以那是我最后一次帮他。

More examples

My last class ends at four o'clock.

The doctors made one last desperate attempt to save the boy's life.

Ruth Ellis was the last woman to be hanged in Britain.

He was the last person to see the woman alive, and suspicion immediately fell on him.

I didn't manage to write down that last bit she said, about the meeting.

Idiom(s)

have the last laugh
last but not least
the last but one
the last sb heard/saw of sb/sth
the last minute
the last word in sth
to the last
(down) to the last ...
to the last (man)
lastadjective [ before noun ], pronoun, noun [ U ]uk/lɑːst/ us/læst/

B1 (being) the only one or part that is left最后的，最末的；最后的一个（或一部分）

Do you mind if I have the last chocolate?你介意我把最后一块巧克力吃了吗？
I'm down to my last dollar - could I borrow some money for lunch?我只剩最后一美元了——我能借点钱吃午饭吗？
I'm afraid Martha's eaten the last of the ice cream.恐怕玛莎已经把最后一块冰激凌吃掉了。
She was the last of the great educational reformers.她是唯一健在的伟大的教育改革家。

More examples

You got the last ticket - damn you, I wanted that!

Today's my last full day in Paris.

Go steady on the milk, Dan - that's our last bottle.

I finally surrendered to temptation, and ate the last remaining chocolate.

That's the last time I'm going to look after her kids - I'll be glad when the little demons go home.

Idiom(s)

as a last resort
hear/see the last of sth
on your last legs
on its last legs
lastadjective, adverb, pronounuk/lɑːst/ us/læst/

A1 (being) the most recent or the one before the present one上一次的；最近的；最后的

Did you hear the storm last night (= during the previous night)?你听到昨晚的暴风雨声了吗？
Did you see the news on TV last night (= yesterday evening)?昨晚那条电视新闻你看了吗？
They got married last November.去年11月他们结婚了。
When was the last time you had a cigarette?你上一次吸烟是在什么时候？
When did you last have a cigarette?你最后一次吸烟是在什么时候？
She's been working there for the last month (= for the four weeks until now).上个月起她一直在那里工作。
formal Could you account for your whereabouts on Sunday last?你能说说上个星期天你都去什么地方了吗？
The/These last five years have been very difficult for him.过去的5年他过得非常艰难。
The last we heard of her, she was working as an English teacher in France.上一次我们听到她的消息，她是在法国当英语教师。
Each of her paintings has been better than the last.她的油画作品一幅比一幅有进步。

More examples

Most of the diseased trees were chopped down last year.

Did you vote Conservative at the last election?

Who was she dancing with at the party last night?

In their last encounter with Italy, England won 3-2.

"Have you always lived here?" "As a matter of fact I've only lived here for the last three years".

Idiom(s)

the week/month/year before last
lastverb [ I, L only + noun ]uk/lɑːst/ us/læst/

B1 to continue to exist持续，延续，继续

The meeting lasted two hours.会议持续了两个小时。
The drought lasted for several months.干旱持续了好几个月。
They say the snow will last until the end of next week.他们说这场雪要一直下到下周末。
I can't see the ceasefire lasting.我认为停火不会持续下去。
They haven't had an argument for two weeks, but it's too good to last (= they'll have an argument soon).他们已经两周没吵架了，但这种状态恐怕持续不了多久。
I doubt their enthusiasm will last.我怀疑他们只是一时的心血来潮。
He's working very efficiently at the moment, but it won't last.目前他的工作效率很高，但不会持续很久。

C1 to continue being good or suitable维持，保持

There's no point buying something that isn't going to last.买些不耐用的东西根本毫无意义。
The cheaper washing machines should last about five years.比较便宜的洗衣机大约可以使用5年。
This pen should last (you) a lifetime if you take care of it.如果注意爱护，这支钢笔可以用上一辈子。
Her previous secretary only lasted a month (= left after this period).她的前任秘书只干了1个月。

More examples

The exam lasted an hour and a half.

The relationship was never going to work, but it was fun while it lasted.

The election broadcast, a nine-hour marathon, lasts until seven o'clock in the morning.

Apparently this good weather isn't going to last until the weekend.

Who can predict how long this uneasy peace between the two countries will last?

Idiom(s)

not last long

Phrasal verb(s)

last out
BNC: 119 COCA: 130
last

verb

ADVERB | VERB + LAST | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤long持續時間長◇Your car will last longer if you take care of it.你的車如果好好保養，就可以開得久一點兒。➤well保持得好◇Even when cut, the flowers last very well.這些花剪下來以後也能保鮮很久。➤forever, indefinitely持續到永遠◇Nothing lasts forever.任何事物都不是永恆的。◇With care, the vines will last indefinitely.精心護理的話，葡萄藤會活很長時間。➤rarely極少持久◇This type of happiness rarely lasts.這種幸福極少有持久的。➤never不持久◇Happiness never lasts.快樂總是很短暫。VERB + LAST➤can能夠持續◇The storm could last quite a long time.暴風雨可能持續很長時間。◇The good weather couldn't last.這種好天氣不會持久。➤will會持續◇The kids are all very enthusiastic, but it won't last.孩子們熱情都很高，不過不會持續太久。➤be likely to, be sure to很可能／肯定能持續◇a bruise that was sure to last for days肯定會持續好幾天的瘀傷➤be unlikely to不大可能持續◇I always thought his popularity was unlikely to last.我一直認為他不太會一路紅下去。➤be expected to有望持久▸➤seem to好像會持續◇The flight seemed to last forever.飛行航程好像沒完沒了。➤be built to, be made to建造以持久◇This house was built to last.這房子造得經久耐用。PREPOSITION➤for持續⋯時間◇The war lasted for three years.戰爭持續了 3 年。➤into持續到⋯時候◇The celebrations lasted well into the next week.慶祝活動一直持續到第二週。➤through持續過⋯◇The effort began in November and lasted through February. (NAmE) 這一努力自 11 月開始，一直持續到了 2 月末。◇She hoped they had enough firewood to last through the night. (BrE) 她希望他們有足夠的柴火挺過這一夜。➤until持續到⋯為止◇The trial is expected to last until the end of the week.審判預計要持續到週末。PHRASES➤while sth lasts當⋯存在時◇Interest rates are at their lowest level for a decade. I suggest you enjoy it while it lasts.利率在低谷徘徊已經 10 年了，我建議你們把握好機會，不要錯過哦。
BNC: 119 COCA: 130
last verb
⇨ continue 1 (It lasted an hour.) ⇨ remain (This weather won't last.)last det., adj.
⇨ last 1 (the last bus home) ⇨ last 2 (last night)last1

determiner

,

adjective

 the last bus home 回家的末班公共汽车last night 昨晚last ♦︎ final ♦︎ closing ♦︎ later ♦︎ eventual ♦︎ ultimate ♦︎ latterThese words all describe sth that happens or comes after all other similar things or people. 这些词均表示最后的、末尾的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the last / final / closing / later / ultimate / latter stage / phase◆the last / final / later / eventual / ultimate aim / goal / outcome◆eventual / ultimate success / failure / victory / defeat◆sb / sth's last / final / closing / later / latter years◆sb's last / final / closing speech / address◆the last / final / closing remark / chapter / minutes■ last

determiner

,

adjective

happening or coming after all other similar things or people; the only remaining thing or person 最后的；末尾的；仅存的◆We caught the last bus home.我们赶上了回家的末班公共汽车。◆It's the last house on the left.是左边尽头那栋房子。◆She was last to arrive.她是最后到的。◆I wouldn't marry you if you were the last person on earth!就算世界上只剩下你一个人，我也不会跟你结婚！◆He knew this was his last hope of winning.他知道自己成败在此一举。 OPP first ⇨ first ▸ lastly

adverb

◆Lastly, I'd like to ask you about your plans.最后，我想问一下你们的计划。▸ at ˈlast

idiom

◆We're home at last!我们终于到家了！◆At long last the cheque arrived.支票终于到了。■ final

adjective

 [only before noun] being or happening at the end of a series of events, actions or statements; being the result of a particular process 最终的；最后的◆His final act as president was to pardon his predecessor.他作为总统所采取的最后行动是赦免其前任。◆The referee blew the final whistle.裁判吹响了终场的哨声。◆I'd like to return to the final point you made.我想回到你所说的最后一点。◆No one could have predicted the final outcome.谁也没有预想到最终结果会是这样。OPP initial ⇨ first ▸ finally

adverb

◆Finally, stir in the fruit and walnuts.最后，把水果和核桃搅拌进去。◆The performance finally started half an hour late.演出在晚了半小时后终于开始了。■ closing

adjective

 [only before noun] coming at the end of a speech, a period of time or an activity, especially as a sign that sth is about to finish （讲话、时段或活动）接近尾声的，结尾的，结束的◆The closing ceremony proved to be a spectacular and memorable affair.事实证明，这次闭幕式宏大壮观，十分难忘。OPP opening ⇨ first ■ later

adjective

happening or being near the end of a period of time 接近末期的◆the later part of the seventeenth century17世纪末叶◆She found happiness in her later years.她到晚年才找到幸福。 OPP earlier ▸ later

adverb

◆His father died later that year.那年晚些时候他的父亲去世了。◆We're going to Rome later in the year.我们年内晚些时候要到罗马去。■ eventual ɪˈventʃuəl

adjective

 [only before noun] happening at the end of a period of time or of a process （时段或过程）最后的，最终的◆The school may face eventual closure.这所学校最终可能会面临关闭。◆the eventual winner of the tournament锦标赛的最终获胜者▸ eventually

adverb

◆She hopes eventually to attend medical school and become a doctor.她希望最终能够上医学院，成为一名医生。◆I'll get round to mending it eventually.我最后会抽出时间来修理它的。■ ultimate ˈʌltɪmət

adjective

 [only before noun](especially of sth that is planned or intended) happening at the end of a long process （尤指计划或打算的事情）最后的，最终的，终极的◆our ultimate goal / aim / objective / target我们最终的目的／目标◆The ultimate decision lies with the parents.最后的决定权掌握在父母手中。◆We will accept ultimate responsibility for whatever happens.无论出什么事情，我们愿承担全部责任。▸ ultimately

adverb

◆The campaign was ultimately successful.这次运动最终成功了。◆Ultimately, you'll have to make the decision yourself.最终你还是得自己拿主意。■ latter

adjective

nearer to the end of a period of time than the beginning （时段）后半期的，后面的◆The latter half of the twentieth century saw huge growth in air travel.航空旅行在20世纪后半期有了巨幅增长。▸ latterly

adverb

 (formal) ◆Her health declined rapidly and latterly she never left the house.她的健康状况急剧衰退，此后她再也没离开过家。last2

determiner

,

adjective

 the last bus home 回家的末班公共汽车last night 昨晚last ♦︎ past ♦︎ previous ♦︎ precedingThese words all describe sth that happened or existed only a short time ago, or before a particular time, event or object. 这些词均表示最近的、刚过去的、上一个的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the last / past / previous / preceding few days / week / month / year / decade / century◆the last / past / previous weekend / season / hundred years◆the last / past hour◆the previous / preceding day◆last / the previous night / Friday / July / summer◆the last / previous / preceding paragraph / section◆the last / previous page / chapter / time / visit / meeting / war◆sb's last / previous album / appearance◆the previous / preceding discussion / argument / analysis / example■ last

determiner

most recent 最近的；上一个的◆He got home late last night.他昨天夜里很晚才回家。◆Last summer we went to Greece for a month.去年夏天我们去希腊待了一个月。◆The critics all hated her last book.评论家都很不喜欢她的新书。◆This last point, that Hamish has mentioned, is crucial.哈米什刚刚提到的这一点很关键。OPP first ⇨ first , next ⇨ next ■ past

adjective

 [only before noun](of a period of time) gone by recently; just ended （一段时间）刚过去的，刚结束的◆I haven't seen much of her in the past few weeks.近几周来我没怎么见到她。 OPP next ⇨ next NOTE 辨析 Last or past?You can only use past to talk about a period of time that has just gone by, especially a long or approximate period of time. * past仅指刚过去的一段时间，特别是较长或大概的一段时间◆These past months have been terribly stressful for everyone.最近几个月每个人的压力都特别大。 Past is an adjective and must be used with the or a determiner such as this or these: it cannot be used on its own. * past是形容词，前面必须加the或this、these等限定词，不能单独使用◆Last week was very busy.上个星期特别忙。◆The past week has been very busy.上个星期特别忙。 Past is not used to talk about particular dates or points in time, or about things. * past不修饰具体的日期或时刻，也不修饰事物◆He got home late past night. ◆The critics hated her past book. ■ previous [only before noun] happening or coming immediately before the time or thing you are talking about （时间或顺序上）稍前的◆He went jogging on Friday, despite the doctor's warnings the previous day (= the day before the time mentioned).尽管医生前一天刚警告过他，可他周五还是去慢跑了。◆We dealt with this in the previous chapter.我们在前一章论及了这一点。 OPP the following ⇨ next ■ preceding prɪˈsiːdɪŋ [only before noun] (formal) previous 在⋯之前发生的；先于⋯的◆This policy was pursued less vigorously in the 1880s than in the preceding decade (= the 1870s).在19世纪80年代，这项政策不如之前10年执行得那么坚决。◆The reasoning in the preceding paragraph applies equally to a number of other cases.上一段中的论述同样也适用于其他一些情况。OPP the following ⇨ next
BNC: 119 COCA: 130

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