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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1115 COCA: 1223
scaleSee scale
scalenounuk/skeɪl/ us/skeɪl/

scale noun MEASURE

B2 [ C ] a set of numbers, amounts, etc., used to measure or compare the level of something标度，刻度；等级

the Centigrade/Fahrenheit scale摄氏／华氏温标
How would you rate his work on a scale of 1 to 5?按照1到5的等级，你给他的工作打几分？

B2 [ C or U ] the relation between the real size of something and its size on a map, model, or diagram比例；比例尺

a scale of 1:50,000比例尺为1:50000
This map is large scale (= things are shown in detail).这张地图的比例尺很大。
Is the bridge drawn to scale (= so that it shows the exact shape of the bridge, but much smaller)?这座桥是按比例画的吗？
He was building a scale model of the Empire State Building.他正在做一个帝国大厦的比例模型。

More examples

Films are rated on a scale of poor, fair, good and excellent.

Like all reading book schemes, these books are on a graduated scale of difficulty.

On a scale of one to ten, I'd rate his latest book a five.

The new salary scale only refers to company managers and directors.

Management have offered an extra 2% to staff on the lowest end of the pay scale.

scale noun SIZE

B2 [ S or U ] the size or level of something, especially when this is large大小；规模；范围

We don't yet know the scale of the problem.我们还不知道问题有多严重。
Nuclear weapons cause destruction on a massive scale (= cause a lot of destruction).核武器杀伤力很大。
My parents used to entertain friends on a large/small scale (= they had large/small parties).我父母过去常常举行大／小规模的宴会招待朋友。

More examples

He doesn't seem to comprehend the scale of the problem

This is a story about theft, fraud and deceit on an incredible scale.

If the drought continues, deaths will occur on a massive scale.

They enjoyed success on a scale unparalleled by any previous pop group.

This century has witnessed environmental destruction on an unprecedented scale.

scale noun MACHINE

scales [ plural ] UK US scale

B2 a device for weighing things or people秤，磅秤

kitchen/bathroom scales厨房用秤／浴室体重秤

More examples

She weighs herself every week on the scales in the bathroom.

Step on the scales.

Are your scales accurate?

Her last baby tipped the scales at ten pounds.

According to your scales I'm half a stone lighter.

a pair of scales mainly UK

a weighing device with two containers connected to a metal bar that is free to move up and down about its fixed central point. An object of known weight is put in one container and the thing to be weighed is put in the other.一架天平

scale noun MUSIC

[ C ] a set of notes played or sung in order, going up or down音阶

the scale of G majorG大调音阶
You should practise your scales every day.你得每天练习音阶。

scale noun SKIN

[ C usually plural ] one of the many very small, flat pieces that cover the skin of fish, snakes, etc.（鱼、蛇等动物皮肤表层的）鳞，鳞片

scale noun COVERING

[ U ] UK also limescale a hard, white or grey layer of material that forms on the inside of pipes or containers that heat water（水管或容器内壁的）水垢

Idiom(s)

large/small-scale
the scales fall from sb's eyes
scaleverb [ T ]uk/skeɪl/ us/skeɪl/

scale verb [ T ] CLIMB

to climb up a steep surface, such as a wall or the side of a mountain, often using special equipment爬越；攀登

The prisoner scaled the high prison wall and ran off.囚犯攀越监狱的高墙逃跑了。

scale verb [ T ] CLEAN TEETH

specialized medical to remove tartar (= hard white substance) and plaque (= soft substance in which bacteria breed) from teeth刮除（牙石或牙斑）

The dentist scaled and polished my teeth last week.上星期牙医给我洗了牙并进行了抛光。

Idiom(s)

scale the heights

Phrasal verb(s)

scale sth down
scale sth up
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1115 COCA: 1223
scale

noun¹

 1size/extent大小；程度ADJECTIVE | VERB + SCALE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤full全景◇It was several days before the full scale of the accident became clear.事故的全部情況直到幾天以後才搞清楚。➤big, considerable, epic, grand, greater, huge, large, mass, massive, monumental, vast, wide大規模；相當大的規模；宏大的規模；更大的範圍；巨大的規模；範圍廣▸➤modest, small不太大的規模；小規模▸➤sheer巨大的規模◇It is difficult to comprehend the sheer scale of the suffering caused by the war.人們很難理解戰爭造成的苦難有多嚴重。➤unprecedented空前的規模◇a misuse of presidential power on an unprecedented scale總統權力程度空前的濫用➤ambitious, lavish雄心勃勃的規模；無節制的程度◇Do they always entertain on such a lavish scale?他們經常這樣大擺宴席嗎？➤global, international, local, national, regional, world全球／國際／地方／全國／地區／世界範圍▸➤commercial商業化規模◇The dolls are now produced on a commercial scale.這種玩具娃娃現已投入規模化生產。➤human人性化尺度◇The final building is realized on a human scale.最終建成的大樓實現了建築設計的人性化。◇The city would operate on a more human scale if cars were banned from the old town.如果禁止車輛進入市中心，這座城市的運行將更加人性化。VERB + SCALE➤expand, increase擴大／增加規模◇They plan to expand the scale and scope of their operations.他們打算擴大經營規模和範圍。➤reduce減小規模➤match與⋯規模匹配➤assess, determine評估／確定規模◇We need to determine the scale of the problem.我們需要確定問題的嚴重程度。➤reveal, show顯示／展示規模➤appreciate, comprehend, realize意識到／理解／認識規模➤underestimate低估規模PREPOSITION➤scale of⋯的規模◇the scale of the disaster / destruction / problem災情／破壞／問題的規模◇the scale of the project / task項目／任務的規模➤in scale尺寸上◇The paintings are small in scale.這些畫尺幅較小。➤on a scale以⋯的規模◇pollution on a massive scale大範圍的污染PHRASES➤an economy of scale規模經濟◇Economies of scale enable the larger companies to lower their prices.規模經濟使得大公司可以降低產品價格。➤given the scale of鑒於⋯的規模◇Given the scale of the changes, it is essential that all managers familiarize themselves with the details.考慮到變動幅度之大，每一位主管都有必要熟悉這些細節。
scale

noun²

 2range of values數值範圍ADJECTIVE | VERB + SCALE | SCALE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤fixed固定的等級▸➤sliding浮動計算◇Benefits are paid on a sliding scale according to family income.補助金的發放根據家庭收入而定，數額不等。➤five-point, six-point, etc. * 5 分、6 分等的等級▸➤rating等級尺度◇Patients were asked to state their level of anxiety on a 10-point rating scale.患者被要求用十分制打分標準給出各自焦慮程度的分值。➤time時間尺度◇Can you give me any sort of time scale for the completion of the building work?你能不能告訴我這個建築工程的完工進度？➤evolutionary, social進化／社會等級▸➤pay, salary, wage (especially BrE) 工資等級；薪金級別◇The company has a five-point pay scale.這家公司劃分了 5 個工資等級。➤Beaufort, Richter, etc.蒲福風級、里氏震級等◇The earthquake measured 6.4 on the Richter scale.地震強度為里氏 6.4 級。VERB + SCALE➤use用等級➤construct, develop創建／開發級別▸➤go up, move up, rise up級別上升；升級◇He has risen up the social scale from rather humble beginnings.他從地位卑微的無名小卒開始打拚，獲得了現今的社會地位。➤go down, move down級別下降；降級SCALE + VERB➤go from... to..., range from... to...等級從⋯到⋯◇a scale ranging from 'utterly miserable' to 'deliriously happy'從“悲慘之至”到“快樂如痴”的不同程度➤be based on級別基於⋯◇a sliding scale based on income按收入浮動的級別PREPOSITION➤on a/the scale在等級中◇Where do birds come on the evolutionary scale?在演化等級中，鳥類處於什麼位置？➤scale of... to...從⋯到⋯的等級◇On a scale of 1 to 10, he scores 7.按從 1 到 10 的計分標準評定，他得到 7 分。PHRASES➤the bottom of the scale, the end of the scale, the top of the scale最低級別；最高級別◇After ten years, she had worked her way to the top of the pay scale.10 年後，她已拿到了最高級別的薪水。
scale

noun³

 3relation between actual size and size of a map, etc.地圖比例VERB + SCALE | SCALE + NOUN | PREPOSITION VERB + SCALE➤draw sth to按比例把⋯畫出▸➤have有比例SCALE + NOUN➤drawing, model按比例畫的圖／製作的模型◇He's made a scale model of the Eiffel Tower.他按比例做了一個埃菲爾鐵塔模型。PREPOSITION➤to scale按比例◇The plan of the building is not drawn to scale.大樓的平面圖畫得不合比例。➤scale of... to...⋯比⋯的比例◇The map has a scale of one inch to the mile.這幅地圖的比例是 1 英寸代表 1 英里。◇a scale of 1 : 25 0001:25,000 的比例
scale

noun⁴

 4in music音樂ADJECTIVE | VERB + SCALE | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤major, minor大調／小調音階VERB + SCALE➤play, sing練習彈琴指法；練聲▸➤practise/practice練習音階◇We could hear her practising / practicing her scales.我們可以聽到她在做音階試唱。PREPOSITION➤scale of⋯調音階◇the scale of C majorC 大調音階
scale

noun⁵

 5on a fish, etc.魚ADJECTIVE | VERB + SCALE ADJECTIVE➤overlapping交叠的鱗片▸➤fine, thin細密的／細薄的鱗片▸➤armoured/armored甲鱗▸➤fish魚鱗VERB + SCALE➤be covered in, be covered with覆蓋着鱗片
scale

noun⁶

 6 (NAmE) machine for weighing天平  ➡ see scales
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1115 COCA: 1223
scale noun
⇨ scale (on a scale of one to ten) ⇨ level (the full scale of the disaster) ⇨ ratio (draw sth to scale)scale verb
⇨ climb scale

noun

scale ♦︎ hierarchy ♦︎ ladder ♦︎ line ♦︎ the rankings ♦︎ pecking orderThese are all words for a range of levels that increase in size, importance, price, etc. 这些词均表示等级、级别、排名。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in the hierarchy / rankings / pecking order◆on a / the scale / ladder◆up / down the ladder / line / pecking order◆the social scale / hierachy / ladder◆to move up the scale / hierarchy / ladder / rankings / pecking order◆to be at the top / bottom of the scale / hierarchy / ladder / rankings / pecking order◆high / higher / low / lower in the hierarchy / rankings / pecking order◆sb's / sth's position / place in the hierarchy / rankings / pecking order■ scale [countable] a range of levels or numbers used for measuring sth; the set of all the different levels of sth, from the lowest to the highest 等级；级别；等级体系◆a salary / pay scale薪水／工资等级◆Please see the attached sheet for our scale of fees.我们的分级收费标准请参见附页。◆Benefits are paid on a sliding scale (= the amount you get might change), according to your income.福利费是根据收入的高低按浮动费率制发放的。◆How would you judge our service on a scale of one to ten (= one being the lowest mark and ten being the highest)?按一到十级，您如何评价我们的服务？◆Farm workers were always considered to be low down on the social scale.农场工人总被认为处于社会等级的底层。■ hierarchy ˈhaɪərɑːki; NAmE ˈhaɪərɑːrki [countable, uncountable] a system, especially in a society or organization, in which people are organized into different levels of importance from the highest to the lowest （尤指社会或组织的）等级制度◆She's fairly high up in the management hierarchy.她位居管理层要职。◆At the bottom of the corporate hierarchy are part-time low-paid workers.低薪兼职员工处于公司的最底层。■ ladder [countable, usually singular] a series of stages by which you can make progress, especially in a career or organization （尤指事业或机构中晋升的）阶梯，途径◆How quickly you move up the career ladder depends largely on your level of commitment.你在事业阶梯上晋升的快慢主要取决于你对工作的投入程度。◆She was not interested in climbing the corporate ladder.她无意在公司里往上爬。■ line [countable, usually singular] a series of people in order of importance 一系列按重要性排列的人◆Who do you think is next in line for promotion?你认为谁会是下一个获得晋升的人？◆He is second in line to the throne.他是王位的第二继承人。◆Orders are usually passed down through the line of command.指令通常按职级逐层下达。■ the rankings [plural] an official list showing the best players in a particular sport in order of how successful they are （某项体育运动的）最佳运动员排名表◆He is currently 16th in the world rankings.目前他的世界排名是第16位。◆The team has worked its way slowly up the rankings.这个队的排名一直在缓慢上升。■ ˈpecking order [countable, usually singular] (informal)

idiom

the order of importance of sb/sth in relation to the others in a group 等级排序◆Dogs high up in the pecking order are often the most aggressive.在等级排序中靠前的狗通常都最具攻击性。◆They insist there is no pecking order within the team.他们坚称队内没有等级排序。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1115 COCA: 1223
scale
Large size: size, scale, bulk...
General words for size: size, measurement, magnitude...
General words for numbers, amounts and quantities: accumulation, allocation, allowance...
People and things arranged in a particular way: chain, circle, formation...
Describing or relating to units of measurement: absolute, calibration, exa-...
Wages and salaries: wage, salary, pay...
Maps, using maps and map making: atlas, A to Z, boundary...
Machines and equipment with a specific use: 3-D printing, air pump, cement mixer...
Notes in the musical scale: A, b, bass...
Products of chemical reactions and processes: crystal, dioxin, distillate...
Dentistry: amalgam, brace, bridge...
Parts of fish: fin, gill, mandible...
Mountaineering, rock climbing and caving: abseil, abseiling, ascend...
Prepare food for cooking or eating: bake, beat, blanch...

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