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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4768 COCA: 6436
tempernounuk/ˈtem.pər/ us/ˈtem.pɚ/

B2 [ C often singular ] the tendency to become angry very quickly脾气；易怒

She has a real temper.她很容易发脾气。
He's got a really bad temper.他的脾气真坏。
lose your temper

B2 to suddenly become angry发脾气，发火

The children behaved so badly that I lost my temper.孩子们太不懂规矩了，我不由得发了火。
keep your temper

C2 to succeed in staying calm and not becoming angry不发脾气；保持冷静

I found it hard to keep my temper with so many things going wrong.这么多的事情弄得一团糟，我很难不发脾气。
be in a bad, foul, etc. temper

to be feeling angry生气，发怒

I'd stay away from her if I were you - she's in a foul temper.我要是你就会避着她——她正在气头上。

[ S or U ] formal or literary mood or emotional state心情，情绪

He appears to be a man of calm and even temper.他看起来是一个脾气温和、平静的男人。

More examples

You're going to have to learn to control your temper.

Her temper hasn't improved with age!

His detractors claim that his fierce temper makes him unsuitable for party leadership.

She has an explosive temper.

In a fit of temper he hurled the book across the room.

Idiom(s)

tempers get frayed
temperverb [ T ]uk/ˈtem.pər/ us/ˈtem.pɚ/

temper verb [ T ] REDUCE

formal to make something less strong, extreme, etc.使缓和；使变温和；使变淡

My enthusiasm for the venture was tempered by my knowledge of the hard work that would be involved.当我了解到完成这个风险项目所要做的工作时，我的热情多少消退了一些。
I learned to temper my criticism.我学会了批评别人时语气要缓和些。

temper verb [ T ] METAL

to heat and then cool a metal in order to make it hard使（金属）回火；锻造

tempered steel回火钢
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4768 COCA: 6436
temper

noun¹

 1tendency to become angry easily脾氣ADJECTIVE | ... OF TEMPER | VERB + TEMPER | TEMPER + VERB | TEMPER + NOUN | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤bad, explosive, fierce, fiery, hot, nasty, terrible, violent, volatile壞脾氣；一點就爆的脾氣；火暴的脾氣；極壞的脾氣；暴烈的脾氣；反複無常的脾氣▸➤quick, short急脾氣；暴躁的脾氣▸➤uncontrollable難以控制的脾氣... OF TEMPER➤display, fit, flash, outburst一通脾氣發作；一通發火◇He broke the chair in a fit of violent temper.他大發雷霆，把椅子摔壞了。VERB + TEMPER➤have有⋯脾氣◇He has a nasty temper.他脾氣很壞。➤control, keep捺住性子；忍住脾氣◇I only just managed to keep my temper with him.我勉強忍住沒有對他發脾氣。➤lose發脾氣◇She loses her temper easily.她動不動就發脾氣。TEMPER + VERB➤flare, rise脾氣發作／上來◇Tempers flared as the traffic jam became worse.隨着交通堵塞狀況的惡化，人們火氣越來越大。➤cool, cool down怒氣緩和TEMPER + NOUN➤tantrum耍小孩兒脾氣PHRASES➤keep your temper in check, keep your temper under control控制住脾氣◇He had to learn to keep his temper under control before he could become a teacher.他得先學會控制自己的脾氣，然後才能當老師。
temper

noun²

 2way you are feeling心情ADJECTIVE | VERB + TEMPER | TEMPER + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤bad, filthy, foul, ill, terrible壞心情；糟糕的情緒；極壞的心情◇Peter's comments were responsible for her ill temper.彼得的話讓她心情不好。➤good好心情▸➤frayed煩躁的情緒◇Frayed tempers at the end led to three players being sent off.終場前的急躁情緒導致 3 名隊員被罰下場。VERB + TEMPER➤improve使情緒好轉TEMPER + VERB➤improve情緒改善▸➤fray情緒變煩躁PREPOSITION➤in a temper情緒不佳◇He stormed out of the room in a temper.他怒氣沖沖地出了房間。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4768 COCA: 6436
temper noun
⇨ temper (have a short temper) ⇨ lose your temper ⇨ lose your tempertemper verb
⇨ moderatetemper

noun

temper ♦︎ tantrum ♦︎ rage ♦︎ mood ♦︎ sulk ♦︎ huffThese are all words for a short period of angry behaviour or of feeling angry. 这些词均表示发脾气、怒气、不悦。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达发脾气的程度
mood➔temper➔rage
sulktantrum
huff
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be in a temper / rage / huff at / about / over sth◆in a temper / rage / mood / sulk / huff◆a violent temper / tantrum / rage◆to have a temper / a tantrum / the sulks◆to get in a temper / rage / huff◆to fly into a temper / rage■ temper [countable, usually singular, uncountable] if sb has a temper, they get angry easily 脾气；易怒的性情◆He has a short / quick temper (= gets angry very easily).他是个急性子。◆You must learn to control your temper.你得学会捺住性子。◆After an hour of waiting tempers began to fray (= people began to get angry).等了一个小时后，大伙开始冒火了。◆She broke the plates in a fit of temper.她一气之下把盘子都摔碎了。ⓘ A temper is also a short period of feeling very angry. * temper亦指一阵暴怒、怒气◆She says awful things when she's in a temper.她一发脾气说话就很难听。   see also lose your temper ⇨ lose your temper ■ tantrum ˈtæntrəm [countable] a sudden short period of angry, unreasonable behaviour, especially in a child （尤指儿童）耍脾气，使性子◆They claimed she threw tantrums and was difficult to work with.他们说她爱使性子，很难一起工作。◆Young children often have temper tantrums.小孩子经常爱使性子。■ rage [countable] a period of violent anger that is difficult to control 暴怒；狂怒◆Sue stormed out in a rage.苏大发雷霆。◆She attacked him in a jealous rage.她因妒忌而发怒攻击他。  see also rage ⇨ anger noun ■ mood [countable] a period of being angry or impatient 坏心境；坏脾气◆I wonder why he's in such a mood today.我不知道他为什么今天脾气这么坏。◆She was in one of her moods (= one of her regular periods of being angry or impatient).她心情又不好了。◆to be in a bad / foul / filthy / terrible mood情绪不佳／很差／很坏／极糟  see also mood ⇨ mood , moody ⇨ moody ■ sulk [countable] (BrE also the sulks [plural]) a period of being silent and bad-tempered because you are annoyed about sth 生闷气；愠怒◆Jo was in a sulk upstairs.乔在楼上生闷气。◆Ed's got the sulks again.埃德又生闷气了。  see also sulk ⇨ brood verb , sulky ⇨ irritable ■ huff [countable] (informal) a period of being bad-tempered, especially because sb has annoyed or upset you 怒气冲冲，生气（尤指被人惹恼或烦乱所致）◆She went home in a huff.她怒气冲冲地回家了。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4768 COCA: 6436
temper
Anger and annoyance: asperity, anger, annoyance...
General words for moods and emotions: mood, emotion, feelings...
To become, or to make something weaker: lessen, reduce, subside...
Metalworking and forms of metal: anvil, bar, beat...

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