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IELTS BNC: 888 COCA: 1220
stonenounuk/stəʊn/ us/stoʊn/

stone noun ROCK

B1 [ C or U ] the hard, solid substance found in the ground that is often used for building, or a piece of this石头；石料；石块

a stone wall/floor石墙／石头地面
a flight of stone steps一段石头台阶
a primitive stone axe简陋的石斧
They cut enormous blocks of stone out of the hillside.他们从山上开采出大量的石料。
Some demonstrators were arrested for throwing stones at the police.一些示威者因向警察投掷石块被逮捕。

[ C ] a piece of hard material that can form in some organs in the body and cause severe pain（器官里的）结石

kidney/gall stones肾／胆结石

More examples

A stone hit the window and cracked the glass.

A stone was digging into my heel.

The stone fell into the water with a plop.

Youths hurled stones at the soldiers.

Some demonstrators were arrested for throwing stones at the police.

stone noun WEIGHT

[ C ] plural stone or stones UK written abbreviation st a unit of weight equal to 14 pounds or 6.35 kilograms, used especially when talking about a person's weight英石（重量单位，等于6.35千克或14磅）

I weigh ten and a half stone.我的体重是10.5英石。
She has put on/lost a stone (= is a stone heavier/lighter).她重／轻了1英石。

More examples

I want to lose a stone before Christmas.

She must weigh over 15 stone.

I got up to 13 stone when I was pregnant.

He's down to twelve stone.

You're three stones heavier than me!

stone noun JEWEL

B1 [ C ] a small piece of a hard, valuable substance, such as a diamond, that is found in the ground and used in jewellery宝石；钻石

a precious/semiprecious stone宝石／半宝石
The large central diamond is surrounded by eight smaller stones.中间的大钻石周围围绕着8颗小钻石。

stone noun SEED

C2 [ C ] mainly UK US usually pit a large, hard seed inside some types of fruit果核

Peaches, plums, and olives all contain stones.桃子、李子和橄榄都有果核。
Compare
pip noun (SEED)

Idiom(s)

drop/fall/sink like a stone
not be set/carved in stone
sink like a stone
a stone's throw
stoneverb [ T ]uk/stəʊn/ us/stoʊn/

stone verb [ T ] THROW ROCKS

to throw stones at something or someone向…投掷石块，用石头砸

Rioters set up barricades and stoned police cars.暴徒们设置了街垒，并向警车投掷石块。
stone sb to death

to kill someone as a punishment by throwing stones at them用石头砸死（某人）

stone verb [ T ] REMOVE SEED

US usually pit to remove the stone from a fruit去掉…的果核

Could you stone the cherries for me?你能帮我把樱桃去一下核吗 ?

Idiom(s)

stone the crows!
IELTS BNC: 888 COCA: 1220
stone

noun¹

 1hard solid substance堅硬物質ADJECTIVE | ... OF STONE | VERB + STONE | STONE + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤heavy沉重的石頭▸➤hard堅硬的石頭▸➤rough, smooth粗糙的／光滑的石頭▸➤weathered風化的石頭▸➤carved石雕；石刻◇a carved stone fireplace石雕壁爐➤dressed, polished修琢過的／拋光過的石料◇The wall was built of large blocks of dressed stone.這面牆是用大塊的修琢石砌成的。➤crushed碎石▸➤building建築石材... OF STONE➤block, slab一方石頭；一塊石板VERB + STONE➤break, cut, hew (sth from/out of)敲碎石頭；切割石材；把石頭劈成⋯◇Convicts were made to break stone for the roads.囚犯們被要求砸石子築路。◇The stone is cut into blocks ready for building.石頭被切割成建築用石塊。◇The walls were hewn from local stone.牆是用當地石材鑿成的。➤be built from/in/of/out of, be carved from/in/of/out of, be made from/in/of/out of用石頭建成／雕成／製成◇names carved in stone刻在石頭上的名字➤carve sth in在石頭上雕刻⋯STONE + NOUN➤block, flag, slab石塊；石板◇The path's stone slabs were worn and broken.小路上的石板已經磨蝕、斷裂了。➤arch, archway, bridge, building, floor, house, pillar, stairs, structure, wall, etc.石拱門、石拱道、石橋、石頭建築、石地板、石屋、石柱、石梯、石結構、石牆等▸➤monument, sculpture, tablet石紀念碑；石雕；石碑➤axe/ax, tool石斧；石具➤mason (usually stonemason) 石匠◇He went to work as a stonemason.他去做了石匠。PREPOSITION➤in stone用石頭◇He is a sculptor who works mainly in stone.他是個雕刻家，以石雕為主。PHRASES➤be set in, be written in (both figurative) 不可更改◇These rules are not set in stone.這些規定並非不可更改。
stone

noun²

 2 (especially BrE) small piece of rock石子  ➡ see also rock ADJECTIVE | ... OF STONES | VERB + STONE ADJECTIVE➤sharp稜角尖銳的石子▸➤smooth光滑的石子▸➤round圓石子▸➤loose鬆動的石頭◇Some loose stones tumbled down the slope behind her.一些鬆動的石頭從她身後的斜坡上滾了下來。... OF STONES➤heap, pile一堆石子VERB + STONE➤cast (figurative) , hurl, throw攻擊；扔石頭◇Let he who is without sin cast the first stone.讓無罪的人開頭炮。◇The boys were caught throwing stones at passing trains.那些男孩子向過路的火車扔石頭，被逮住了。
stone

noun³

 3piece of stone shaped for a particular purpose為特定用途加工成特定形狀的石塊ADJECTIVE | STONE + NOUN ADJECTIVE➤foundation基石▸➤memorial紀念碑➤paving, stepping鋪路石；踏腳石➤cobble, kerb/curb (usually cobblestone, etc.) 鵝卵石；路緣石▸➤grinding, sharpening磨石；磨刀石➤pumice浮石▸➤standing（史前的）豎石紀念物；巨石STONE + NOUN➤circle（西歐的）史前環狀巨石陣◇The stone circle at Avebury is larger than Stonehenge.埃夫伯里的史前環狀巨石陣比索爾茲伯里的巨石陣規模還要大。
stone

noun⁴

 4precious stone寶石ADJECTIVE | VERB + STONE | STONE + VERB ADJECTIVE➤gem (usually gemstone) , precious, semi-precious經切割打磨的寶石；寶石；半寶石VERB + STONE➤mine開採寶石▸➤cut切割寶石▸➤set鑲嵌寶石◇She had the stone set in a ring.她請人把寶石鑲嵌在戒指上。STONE + VERB➤glitter, shine寶石閃閃發光／絢麗奪目
stone

noun⁵

 5 (BrE) measure of weight重量單位  ➡ note at measure
IELTS BNC: 888 COCA: 1220
stone noun
⇨ stone (stone walls/throw stones) ⇨ grain (cherry/peach stones)stone

noun

stone ♦︎ rock ♦︎ boulder ♦︎ pebbleThese are all words for a hard solid mineral substance that is found in the ground. 这些词均表示石头、岩石。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆solid stone / rock◆to throw a stone / rock / boulder / pebble■ stone [uncountable, countable](often used before nouns or in compounds) a hard solid mineral substance that is found in the ground, often used for building; a piece of stone shaped for a particular purpose （常用于名词前或构成复合词）石头，岩石，石料；（经塑形使具有某种用途的）石块◆Most of the houses are built of stone.这些房子大多数是用石头建造的。◆stone walls石墙◆a stone bridge / floor / carving石桥；石地板；石雕◆a flight of stone steps一段石头台阶◆These words are carved on the stone beside his grave.他的墓碑上刻着这样的话。ⓘ Especially in British English a stone can be a small piece of stone of any shape. 特别是在英式英语中，stone可指任何形状的小石头◆ (especially BrE) Some children were throwing stones into the lake.一些孩子正往湖里投石子。 ▸ stony

adjective

◆a stony beach多石的海滩■ rock [uncountable, countable] the hard solid mineral substance that forms part of the surface of the earth and some other planets; a large piece of rock sticking up out of the ground or the sea; a large single piece of rock 岩石；石山；礁石；巨石块；岩块◆They drilled through several layers of rock to reach the oil.他们钻透了几层岩石寻找石油。◆volcanic / igneous / sedimentary rocks火山岩；火成岩；沉积岩◆The ship crashed into the infamous Sker Point Rocks and broke into three pieces.那艘船撞在恶名远扬的斯戈尔尖岬暗礁群上面，断成三截。◆They clambered over the rocks at the foot of the cliff.他们吃力地攀过了绝壁脚下的巨石。◆The sign said 'Danger: falling rocks'.警示牌上写着“危险：前有落石”。ⓘ In American English a rock can also be a small stone. 在美式英语中，rock也可指小石块◆ (NAmE) Demonstrators threw rocks at the police.示威者向警察扔石块。 ▸ rocky

adjective

◆a rocky coastline岩石嶙嶙的海岸线NOTE 辨析 Stone or rock?In British English people throw stones and a rock is sth too big to pick up and throw. In American English rock is the usual word for a small piece of rock that you can pick up, and stone is not usually used in this way. In both British and American English stone [uncountable] is used especially to talk about sth that has been cut or dug up from the ground, for example in order to build sth. Rock [uncountable] is used especially to talk about sth that is still a part of or attached to the ground. 在英式英语中，表示扔石子要用throw stones，rock则太大，无法拾起或投掷。在美式英语中，rock通常表示可以捡起的小石子，stone则通常不这样用。无论在英式还是美式英语中，stone作为不可数名词尤指从地下挖出来的石头，例如用于建筑的石料。rock作为不可数名词尤指仍然与大地连在一起的岩石◆Most of the houses are built of stone.那些房子大多数是用石头建造的。◆Most of the houses are built of rock. ◆The rock walls of the canyon are almost a mile high.这个峡谷的石壁差不多有1英里高。◆The stone walls of the canyon are almost a mile high. ■ boulder ˈbəʊldə(r); NAmE ˈboʊldər [countable] a very large rock, often with a round shape that has been made by water or the weather （受水或天气侵蚀而成的）巨石，漂砾◆As the ice sheet rode over the land, huge boulders were ripped from the underlying rock.冰盖划过地面时，从地表下面的岩石上撕下来一些巨石块。■ pebble [countable] a small, smooth stone that is found in or near water （水中或水边的）鹅卵石，砾石◆The hotel is located beside a pebble beach in a quiet bay.那酒店坐落在僻静海湾里一个卵石海滩旁。
IELTS BNC: 888 COCA: 1220
stone
Layers and arrangements of stone or rock: aquifer, bed, bedrock...
Building materials: adobe, aggregate, asbestos...
Made of or similar to a specific substance: acrylic, alabaster, be built of something...
Pieces of stone or rock: boulder, flint, gravel...
Stones used in jewellery: agate, amethyst, aquamarine...
Parts of fruit and substances in fruit: bruising, core, dextrose...
Units for measuring weight, area or volume: acre, are, area...
To aim and to throw: throw, direct, aim...
The punishment of being hit: beating, the birch, box someone's ears...
Prepare food for cooking or eating: bake, beat, blanch...

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