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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4228 COCA: 3217
sanctionnounuk/ˈsæŋk.ʃən/ us/ˈsæŋk.ʃən/

sanction noun ORDER

[ C usually plural ] an official order, such as the stopping of trade, that is taken against a country in order to make it obey international law制裁

Many nations have imposed sanctions on the country because of its attacks on its own people.由于该国发生了针对本国人民的暴力行为，许多国家都对其进行制裁。
Trade/economic sanctions will only be lifted (= stopped) when the aggressor nation withdraws its troops.只有侵略国撤回其军队，贸易／经济制裁才会解除。

C2 [ C ] a strong action taken in order to make people obey a law or rule, or a punishment given when they do not obey（为维护法律或规定而采取的）强硬措施；（对违反法律或规定者进行的）惩罚，处罚

Without realistic sanctions, some teachers have difficulty keeping order in the classroom.没有切实可行的处罚措施，有些教师难以维持课堂秩序。

More examples

A package of economic sanctions is to be enacted against the country.

The UN has imposed punitive sanctions on the invading country.

The UN announced its intentions to toughen sanctions still further.

She is in favour of a relaxation of the sanctions.

People were surprised at the time by the severity of the sanctions.

sanction noun APPROVAL

[ U ] approval or permission, especially formal or legal（尤指正式或法律认可的）批准，许可

They tried to get official sanction for the plans.他们想使计划获得正式批准。
sanctionverb [ T ]uk/ˈsæŋk.ʃən/ us/ˈsæŋk.ʃən/

to formally give permission for something批准，认可，准许

The government was reluctant to sanction intervention in the crisis.政府不愿意批准对危机进行干预。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4228 COCA: 3217
sanction

noun¹

 1(usually sanctions) punishment懲罰ADJECTIVE | VERB + SANCTION | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤economic, financial, military, trade經濟／金融／軍事／貿易制裁▸➤civil, criminal, disciplinary民事制裁；刑事制裁；紀律處罰▸➤legal, penal, social法律制裁；刑事制裁；社會懲戒▸➤international, UN國際／聯合國制裁▸➤severe, strict嚴厲的處罰▸➤punitive懲罰性制裁▸➤effective有效的懲罰VERB + SANCTION➤apply, enforce, impose, use施以處罰；執行制裁；實施制裁；運用處罰▸➤end, lift結束／解除制裁▸➤call for要求制裁➤threaten威脅要制裁PREPOSITION➤sanction against對⋯的懲罰◇The UN called for sanctions against the invading country.聯合國要求對侵略國進行制裁。◇There were strict sanctions against absenteeism.曠工會受到嚴厲處分。➤sanction for為⋯的懲罰◇Employers imposed heavy sanctions for union activity.雇主對工會活動實施重罰。PHRASES➤the imposition of sanctions制裁的實施▸➤the lifting of sanctions制裁的解除▸➤a threat of sanctions制裁的威脅
sanction

noun²

 2official permission正式批准ADJECTIVE | VERB + SANCTION | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤government, official政府／官方批准◇The movement was first given official sanction in the 1960s.該運動於 20 世紀 60 年代首次獲得了官方首肯。➤divine, religious上天的／宗教認可VERB + SANCTION➤give sth給予⋯許可◇The conference gave its official sanction to the change of policy.大會正式批准了政策的改變。PREPOSITION➤with sb/sth's sanction, without sb/sth's sanction經過／未經⋯的許可◇No decision can be taken without the sanction of the committee.未經委員會的許可，不得作出任何決定。
sanction

verb

ADVERB | VERB + SANCTION ADVERB➤officially正式批准▸➤legally, socially法律／社會認可◇Slavery was once socially sanctioned.蓄奴制曾經受到社會認可。➤divinely上天認可VERB + SANCTION➤refuse to拒絕批准
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4228 COCA: 3217
sanction noun
⇨ bansanction verb
⇨ allow
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4228 COCA: 3217

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