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IELTS BNC: 1467 COCA: 1206
crisis noun
crisis (a political crisis) turning point (The fever has passed its crisis.)
crisis

noun

crisis ♦︎ emergency ♦︎ disaster ♦︎ tragedy ♦︎ catastrophe ♦︎ calamityThese are all words for an unexpected situation or event that creates difficulties for sb/sth, kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage. 这些词均表示危机、危难、灾难。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达危难的严重程度
crisiscalamitydisaster
emergencytragedy
catastrophe
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity for sbin a crisis / an emergencya major crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamitya great crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamitya / an awful / dreadful / terrible disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamitya potential crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophea national crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamityan environmental crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophea / an ecological / personal crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophea / an economic / financial crisis / disaster / catastrophea nuclear disaster / catastropheto cause a crisis / a disaster / a tragedy / a catastropheto bring disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamityto deal with / cope with a crisis / an emergency / a disasterto avert a crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamitya disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity happens / occursdisaster / tragedy / catastrophe strikes crisis ˈkraɪsɪs (plural crises crisiːz ) [countable, uncountable] a time of great danger, difficulty or uncertainty when problems must be solved or important decisions must be made 危机;危急关头It is hoped that his resignation will end the latest political crisis in the country.大家希望他的辞职能够结束该国最近的政治危机。The party was facing an identity crisis.该党当时正面临自身认同的危机。The party was suffering a crisis of confidence among its supporters (= they did not trust it any longer).当时这个政党正面对其支持者对党的信任危机。The business is still in crisis but it has survived the worst of the recession.这家公司虽然仍处于危机之中,但已经挺过了经济衰退最严重的日子。In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to.在危难关头我知道能投靠哪些朋友。 emergency [countable, uncountable] a sudden serious and dangerous event or situation which needs immediate action to deal with it 突发事件;紧急情况This door should only be used in an emergency.此门仅限紧急情况下使用。I always have some extra cash with me for emergencies.我总是随身多带点现金以备不时之需。The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake.地震发生后政府已经宣布进入紧急状态。There is an emergency exit (= to be used in an emergency) on each side of the aeroplane.飞机每侧均有一个紧急出口。 disaster [countable, uncountable] an unexpected event such as a very bad accident, a flood or a fire that kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage 灾难;灾祸;灾害Thousands died in the disaster.数千人在这场灾祸中丧生。They were involved in the 2001 ferry disaster.他们被牵扯到2001年的渡船灾难事件。They will not insure you against a natural disaster (= one that is caused by nature).他们不会为自然灾害提供保险。Although there was always the possibility of flooding, the Nile seldom brought disaster to Egypt.尽管总是有可能发生洪水,尼罗河却很少给埃及带来灾难。 see also disaster disaster , disastrous disastrous tragedy ˈtrædʒədi [countable, uncountable] a very sad event or situation, especially one that involves death (尤指有人身亡的)悲惨的事,不幸,灾难It's a tragedy that she died so young.她英年早逝是一大悲哀。Tragedy struck the family when their three-year-old son was hit by a car and killed.这个家庭惨遭不幸,他们三岁的儿子被汽车撞死了。The whole affair ended in tragedy.整件事以悲剧告终。 see also tragic sad catastrophe kəˈtæstrəfi [countable] a sudden disaster that causes many people to suffer 灾难;灾祸;横祸Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe.提前发布水位上涨警报避免了又一重大灾难。 see also catastrophe disaster , catastrophic disastrous NOTE 辨析 Disaster or catastrophe?Either disaster or catastrophe can be used with such words as nuclear, environmental, ecological and economic, but disaster is preferred when you are talking about a famous event in which people were killed. * disaster和catastrophe均可与nuclear、environmental、ecological和economic等词搭配,但谈论广为人知的涉及人员死亡的事件时多倾向用disasterthe Chernobyl / Lockerbie / Challenger disaster切尔诺贝利/洛克比/挑战者号灾难 calamity kəˈlæməti [countable, uncountable] an event that causes great harm, especially to the political or financial affairs of a country or organization, or to sb's personal life 灾难,灾祸(尤指对国家或机构的政治或财政方面,或对个人生活方面造成重大打击的事件)Sudan suffered a series of calamities during the 1980s.苏丹在20世纪80年代经受了一连串灾难。His financial help saved the magazine from total calamity.他的资金援助将那本杂志从彻底的危难中拯救出来。A calamity is less serious than a disaster or catastrophe and is not usually used for an event in which people die. * calamity严重性比disaster和catastrophe要低,通常不指有人员死亡的事件。

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