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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 653 COCA: 806
standard

noun¹

1level of quality質量等級ADJECTIVE | VERB + STANDARD | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEhigh高水平low, poor低水平;糟糕的質量certain, minimum某個/最低水平Players have to be of a certain standard to compete in the tournament.選手們必須達到一定水平才能參加錦標賽。acceptable, adequate, decent, proper, reasonable可接受的/足夠的/尚可的/適當的/合理的水平We must ensure proper standards of care for the elderly.我們必須確保老年人得到適當的照料。a decent standard of living體面的生活水平improved, rising業已改善的/正在提高的水平new新標準He set a new standard of excellence in detective fiction.他為優秀偵探小說設立了新標準。current, modern目前的/現代的標準The houses need to be brought up to modern standards.房屋需要提高到現代標準。historical歷史水平clear明確的標準objective客觀標準Judged by any objective standards, the campaign was a disaster.不論從哪個客觀標準看,這次活動都是一場災難。accepted, official, required (especially BrE) 採用的/官方的/規定的標準conventional, usual一般/通常標準common, consistent, uniform, universal常見/一貫/統一/通用標準They will adopt common standards for dealing with asylum applications.他們將採用通常標準處理避難申請。exacting, rigorous, strict, stringent嚴格的標準;苛刻的標準gold (figurative) 黃金標準Charles Schulz's 'Peanuts' is the gold standard for comic strips.查爾斯・舒爾茨的《花生漫畫》是連環漫畫的黃金標準。The newspaper has to offer a gold standard for journalistic integrity.報界必須提出新聞誠信的黃金標準。professional專業(化)標準The work has been done to a professional standard.這項工作已經達到了專業水準。federal, international, national, state (NAmE) 聯邦標準;國際標準;國家標準;州標準quality質量標準We have to try and achieve the quality standards set by the project.我們必須努力達到項目要求的質量標準。qualifying資格標準;入選標準The Olympic qualifying standard has been set at 64.50 m.奧運會的參賽資格標準定在 64.50 米。living生活水平The region enjoys the highest living standards in Asia.該地區的生活水平為全亞洲最高。accounting, journalistic, labour/labor, legal, safety, security, trading (BrE) , etc.會計標準、新聞標準、勞工標準、法律標準、安全標準、貿易標準等academic, educational, environmental, health, performance, technical, etc.學術、教育、環境、衞生、性能、技術等標準industry行業標準The product has become an industry standard.這一產品已經成為行業標準。emission, emissions排放標準The bill established new emissions standards for cars sold in the state.法案制訂了在本州交易的汽車的新排放標準。VERB + STANDARDhave有⋯標準The agency has very high standards.這家機構的標準很高。boast, enjoy有⋯水準;到達⋯水平define, develop, establish, set確定標準;形成標準;制訂標準achieve, be up to, live up to, meet, reach達到標準;符合標準The factory is struggling to meet national environmental standards.這家工廠正竭力爭取達到國家環境標準。She has reached an acceptable standard of English.她的英語水平已經說得過去了。bring sth up to使⋯達到標準fall short of達不到標準The hotel service fell short of the usual standard.這家賓館的服務不符合通常標準。apply, enforce, provide實施/實行/規定⋯標準It's impossible to apply the same academic standards across the country.不可能在全國範圍內執行同一個學術標準。judge sb/sth by用標準評判⋯improve, raise改進/提高標準lower降低標準maintain, sustain維持/保持標準PREPOSITIONabove (the) standard, below (the) standard符合/不符合標準Your work is below standard.你的工作不達標。according to a/the standard, by... standards根據⋯標準;用⋯標準衡量By today's standards, he isn't a particularly fast runner.依照現在的標準來看,他算不上跑得特別快。to a...standard達到⋯標準The building work had not been completed to a satisfactory standard.這項建築工程沒有達到令人滿意的水平。up to standard達到標準We need to bring our computer system up to standard.我們得讓計算機系統達到標準。standard in⋯方面的規範standards in safety安全規範PHRASESby any standard不論以什麼標準She's a great violinist by any standard.無論用什麼標準評價,她都是一位偉大的小提琴家。by the standards of the day依照當時的標準The army was massive by the standards of the day.照當時的標準來看,那支軍隊規模很大。a drop in the standard, a fall in the standard標準的降低/下滑There has been a drop in the standard of health care.醫保水平有所降低。an increase in the standard, a rise in the standard標準的上升/提高There has been an increase in the standard of service provided.所提供服務的水準有所提高。a standard of living生活水平the fall in their standard of living他們生活水平的下降
standard

noun²

2(usually standards) acceptable level of conduct可接受的行為標準ADJECTIVE | VERB + STANDARD | STANDARD + VERB | PHRASES ADJECTIVEdeclining, falling每況愈下的行為規範My grandparents are always complaining about falling moral standards.我的祖父母總是抱怨世風日下。double雙重標準the double standard frequently encountered in 19th-century attitudes to sex19 世紀在對待性的態度上經常遇到的雙重標準ethical, moral倫理/道德規範VERB + STANDARDprescribe規定行為準則keep up, maintain堅持原則improve, raise提高行為規範STANDARD + VERBdrop, fall標準下降;道德水準淪落PHRASESstandards of behaviour/behavior, standards of conduct行為準則standard of care護理標準
standard

adjective

VERBS | ADVERB VERBSbe, be fitted as, come as標準;作為標準配置安裝;符合標準Anti-lock brakes come as standard.防抱死剎車裝置是標準配置。become變得符合標準ADVERBalmost幾乎算是符合標準The stations were built to a simple, almost standard design.車站都是按照同一個簡單的近於標準化的設計建成的。fairly, pretty, relatively相當/頗為/相對標準a fairly standard method of assessing employees相當標準的員工評價方法

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