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IELTS BNC: 500 COCA: 627
shortadjectiveuk/ʃɔːt/ us/ʃɔːrt/

short adjective DISTANCE

A1 small in length, distance, or height短的；矮的

a short skirt短裙
Her hair is much shorter than it used to be.她的头发比过去短多了。
It's only a short walk to the station.去车站只需走很短一段路程。
I'm fairly short but my brother's very tall.我们家人都比较矮，可我弟弟却很高。

B2 used to say that a name is used as a shorter form of another name（名字）简称的，缩略的

Her name's Jo - it's short for Josephine.她名叫乔，是约瑟芬的简称。
Her name's Josephine, or Jo for short.她名叫约瑟芬，或简称为乔。

More examples

Runners come in all shapes and sizes - fat and thin, short and tall.

"I'm going to wear a short black skirt and thigh-length boots." "Ooh, you devil!"

Like a lot of short men, he tends to draw himself up to his full height in public.

It's not fashionable to wear short skirts at the moment.

Many short rivers flow into the Pacific Ocean.

short adjective TIME

A1 being an amount of time that is less than average or usual短的，短暂的

a short film/visit短片／短暂的访问
He's grown so much in such a short time.他在如此短的时间里长高了这么多。
I work much better if I take a short break every hour or so.如果每小时我都休息一小会儿，我的工作效率会高很多。

A2 Short books, letters, and other examples of writing do not contain many words and do not take much time to read.（书、信等）简短的

It's a very short book - you'll read it in an hour.这是一本篇幅很短的书——你1个小时就能读完。

More examples

She closed the meeting with a short speech.

Act Two begins with a short dialogue between father and son.

We were there for such a short time, we didn't really get the feel of the place.

He made a short speech at the graveside, then the body was finally buried.

Life's too short to worry about money!

short adjective LACKING

be short (of/on sth)

B1 to not have enough of something短缺的，缺乏的

to be short of space/time空间／时间不足
We're short on coffee - I'd better get some more.我们的咖啡不多了——我最好去再买一些。
The bill comes to £85, but we're £15 short.账单是85英镑，但我们还缺15英镑。
I'm a little short (= I do not have much money) this week - could you lend me ten dollars?我这星期钱有点儿不够用——能借我10美元吗？

More examples

It crossed my mind yesterday that you must be a bit short of staff - shall I send someone to help out?

Doctors are short of time to listen and are therefore keen to dish out drugs whenever they can.

His main source of work had dried up, leaving him short of money.

I'd love to come on holiday with you, but I'm a bit short of/low on funds at the moment.

The vote fell short of the majority needed for an override of the Governor's veto.

short of breath

unable to breathe very well, for example because you have been running or doing some type of energetic exercise喘不过气，上气不接下气

She's always short of breath when she climbs the stairs.她爬楼梯时总是上气不接下气。
be in short supply

to be few or not enough in number不够用，数量不足

Free desks are in short supply in this office.这间办公室里的可用的桌子不够。
go short mainly UK

to not have something, especially when it is something you need in order to live（尤指生存必需品）缺少，缺乏

My parents didn't have much money, but they made sure we didn't go short (of anything).我父母并没有多少钱，但他们总是确保我们不会缺衣少食。

short adjective NOT PATIENT

[ after verb ] saying little but showing slight impatience or anger in the few words that you say（说话时）简慢的，简短无礼的

I'm sorry if I was a bit short with you on the phone this morning.我很抱歉今天早上我在电话里对你有点不耐烦。

Idiom(s)

be caught/taken short
be short notice
draw/get the short straw
get the short end of the stick
have (got) sb by the short and curlies
have a short memory
in short
make short work of sth
not be short of a bob or two
short and sweet
short sharp shock
shortnoun [ C ]uk/ʃɔːt/ us/ʃɔːrt/

short noun [ C ] DRINK

UK informal US shot a drink of spirits (= type of strong alcohol) without water or any other liquid added（未掺兑的）纯烈性酒

She only drinks shorts, never wine or beer.她只喝纯烈性酒，从不喝葡萄酒或啤酒。

short noun [ C ] FILM

a short film, especially one made for showing before the main film at a cinema（尤指正片播映之前播放的）电影短片

short noun [ C ] ELECTRICITY

informal forshort circuit 短路（同 short circuit）

shortverb [ I or T ]uk/ʃɔːt/ us/ʃɔːrt/

informal forshort-circuit (short circuit) 短路（同 short circuit）

The plumber shorted the washing machine.水管工把洗衣机弄短路了。
shortadverbuk/ʃɔːt/ us/ʃɔːrt/

before the arranged or expected time or place早；提前

We wanted to explain the plans fully, but the chairman stopped us short, as there were other important matters to discuss.我们想完整地介绍这些计划，但是主席提前打断了我们的发言，因为还有其他重要的事情需要讨论。

Idiom(s)

cut sth short
short-prefixuk/ʃɔːt-/ us/ʃɔːrt-/

used with adjectives ending in -ed formed from nouns to describe something with a short part（与以 -ed 结尾、由名词变化而来的形容词连用）短…的

a short-haired dog (= a dog with short hair)短毛狗
a short-sleeved shirt (= a shirt with short sleeves)短袖衬衫
IELTS BNC: 500 COCA: 627
short

adjective¹

 1not measuring much from one end to the other長度短VERBS | ADVERB VERBS➤be, look, seem短；看上去短；好像短ADVERB➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.極其／相當／非常短小▸➤comparatively, relatively比較短；相對較短◇a relatively short distance of 50 to 100 miles一段介於 50 到 100 英里之間的相對較短的距離
short

adjective²

 2not lasting a long time時間不長VERBS | ADVERB VERBS➤be, feel, seem短暫；感到時間短；好像短暫▸➤become, get變得短暫◇The days are getting shorter and shorter.白天正變得越來越短。➤make sth使⋯短暫▸➤keep sth使⋯保持短暫◇Do you mind if we keep the meeting short?我們把會議開得短些，你不介意吧？ADVERB➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.極其／相當／非常短暫▸➤remarkably, surprisingly明顯／出奇地短暫▸➤reasonably還算短▸➤comparatively, relatively比較／相對短暫◇It was all over in a relatively short space of time.沒一會兒功夫，一切就都結束了。➤mercifully幸而短暫◇The interview was mercifully short.幸而面試時間不長。➤tragically不幸很短暫◇a young woman whose life was cut tragically short一位不幸英年早逝的年輕女子
short

adjective³

 3not having enough of what is needed短缺VERBS | ADVERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES VERBS➤be, look短缺；看起來不足◇Our team was one player short.我們隊缺一名隊員。➤become, get開始短缺◇We're getting short of funds.我們的資金開始不足了。ADVERB➤extremely, fairly, very, etc.極其／相當／非常短缺◇If space is very short, that door can be moved.如果空間非常緊張，那扇門可以移開。➤terribly, woefully非常緊缺；少得可憐◇His performance was woefully short of conviction.很遺憾，他表現得一點兒都不堅定。◇United looked terribly short of menace in attack.聯隊的進攻看上去一點兒威脅也沒有。➤a little, slightly, etc.有點兒／略有些短缺PREPOSITION➤of缺乏⋯◇Mike was a little short of cash just then.邁克當時正好手頭有點兒緊。PHRASES➤in short supply供應短缺◇Safe drinking water is in desperately short supply.安全飲用水極度短缺。
IELTS BNC: 500 COCA: 627
short adj.
⇨ short 1 (a short time/book) ⇨ short 2 (short people/legs) ⇨ short 3 (the short answer) ⇨ scarce (money is short) ⇨ in short supply ⇨ scarceshort1

adjective

 a short time/book/memory 短时间；一本篇幅短的书；记性差short people/legs 个子矮的人；短腿the short answer to your query 对你的询问的简略回答  ➡ See also the entry for quick 另见quick条short ♦︎ temporary ♦︎ brief ♦︎ short-lived ♦︎ fleeting ♦︎ momentary ♦︎ passingThese words all describe sth that lasts for a small amount of time. 这些词均表示短期的、短暂的、暂时的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a short / brief / fleeting / passing moment◆a short / temporary / brief stay◆a short / brief / fleeting visit◆a short / brief / momentary silence / pause◆a temporary / short-lived / momentary / passing interest◆a temporary / brief / short-lived success◆a brief / fleeting / momentary / passing glance / glimpse◆a brief / fleeting / momentary look / smile◆a brief / fleeting / passing reference◆very / relatively short / temporary / brief / short-lived◆only temporary / brief / fleeting / momentary■ short lasting or taking a small amount of time or less time than usual 时间短的；短期的；短暂的◆I'm going to France next week for a short break.下周我打算去法国度个短假。◆Which is the shortest day of the year?一年中哪一天最短？◆It's quite a short book (= that takes a short time to read).那是一本篇幅很短的书。◆She has a very short memory (= remembers only things that have happened recently).她记性很差。ⓘ Short is also used before a noun to describe a period of time that seems to have passed very quickly. * short也可用于名词前，形容时间似乎过得飞快◆Just two short years ago he was the best player in the country.不过短短两年前，他还是全国最优秀的选手呢。 OPP long ⇨ long adj.   see also shorten ⇨ shrink ■ temporary lasting or intended to last for only a short time 短暂的；暂时的；临时的◆25 000 households are living in temporary accommodation.有25 000户人家住在临时住所里。◆The job's only temporary, while their secretary's on maternity leave.这份工作是临时性的，只是在他们的秘书休产假期间代班。◆More than half the employees are temporary.半数以上的职员是临时雇员。OPP permanent ⇨ permanent ▸ temporarily ˈtemprərəli; NAmE ˌtempəˈrerəli

adverb

◆We regret that this service is temporarily unavailable.很抱歉我们暂时不能提供这项服务。 OPP permanently ⇨ permanent adj. ■ brief briːf (especially written) lasting for only a short time 短时间的；短暂的◆The prime minister is due to make a brief visit to South Korea.总理预定去韩国作短期访问。◆Sean gave a brief glance at the screen.肖恩朝屏幕瞥了一眼。◆There was a brief silence after I made my announcement.我发布完公告之后，出现了短暂的沉默。◆Mozart's life was brief.莫扎特英年早逝。 OPP long ⇨ long adj. ▸ briefly

adverb

◆He had spoken to Emma only briefly.他和埃玛只是简短地说了几句话。NOTE 辨析 Short or brief? Short is used more often than brief in informal and spoken English. * short比brief更常用于非正式英语和口语中◆I'm going to France for a brief break. ◆The Dutch prime minister is making a short / brief visit.荷兰总理正在进行短暂访问。 Short, but not brief is used to describe books, lists, projects, etc. that take only a short time to read/deal with/complete. Brief is used more frequently than short to describe a look, glance, glimpse, smile or sigh. 当指涉的对象是书、清单、项目等，表示不需多花时间便能完成时，要用short而非brief；在形容look、glance、glimpse、smile或sigh时，更常用brief而非short。 ■ ˌshort-ˈlived (especially of sth good or pleasant) lasting for only a short time （尤指美好或愉快的事物）短暂的◆The benefits are likely to be short-lived.这些福利很可能是短暂的。◆It was a very short-lived government.这是一个十分短命的政府。◆The stars enjoyed an intense but short-lived romance.明星都喜欢谈轰轰烈烈但短暂的恋爱。OPP long-lasting ⇨ long adj. , lasting , enduring ⇨ permanent ■ fleeting [usually before noun] (written) (especially of sth good or pleasant) lasting for only a very short time （尤指美好或愉快的事物）短暂的，闪现的◆A fleeting smile touched his lips.他的嘴角闪过一丝微笑。◆Alone on deck, I experienced a fleeting moment of happiness.我独自待在甲板上，体验了短暂的幸福时刻。▸ fleetingly

adverb

◆She smiled fleetingly.她脸上闪过一丝微笑。NOTE 辨析 Short-lived or fleeting?Both short-lived and fleeting are used especially to talk about good or pleasant things that last only a short time. Fleeting is a more literary word than short-lived and usually describes even shorter actions or experiences; although it describes pleasant things it can create a feeling of sadness because the thing lasts such a short time. * short-lived和fleeting都指美好或愉快的事物稍纵即逝。fleeting比short-lived更具文学色彩，通常形容更短暂的动作或经历。尽管fleeting所描述的是一些愉快的事，但会因持续不久而使人产生一丝感伤。■ momentary ˈməʊməntri; NAmE ˈmoʊmənteri (especially written) lasting for only a very short time 短促的；短暂的；片刻的◆There was a momentary flicker of pain in his face.他的脸上闪过一丝痛苦的表情。◆The accident was the result of a momentary lapse of concentration.那起事故是因为一时走神造成的。ⓘ Momentary is used especially to describe moments of doubt or failure and collocates include doubt, hesitation, pause, silence, confusion, unease, panic, lapse and aberration. * momentary尤用于形容疑惑或失败的时刻，搭配词有doubt、hesitation、pause、silence、confusion、unease、panic、lapse和aberration。■ passing [only before noun] lasting for only a short time 短暂的；瞬间的◆My son is very jealous at the moment, but I think it's just a passing phase.目前我儿子很爱吃醋，不过我认为这只是阶段性的，不会持久。◆He makes only a passing reference to the theory in his book.他在书中对这个理论只是一笔带过。ⓘ Passing is used especially to describe periods of time, references to sth and periods of being interested in sth. Collocates include phase, fashion, fad, craze, interest, mention and reference. * passing尤用于表示短时间、简略提及和短暂的兴趣，搭配词有phase、fashion、fad、craze、interest、mention和reference。short2

adjective

 a short time/book/memory 短时间；一本篇幅短的书；记性差short people/legs 个子矮的人；短腿the short answer to your query 对你的询问的简略回答short ♦︎ diminutive ♦︎ petite ♦︎ stubby ♦︎ stunted ♦︎ dumpyThese words all describe sb who is not as tall as an average person or a part of the body that is smaller than usual. 这些词均表示个子矮的或身体某部位短的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a short / diminutive / petite / dumpy woman◆a short / diminutive man◆a short / petite / dumpy girl◆a short / diminutive / petite / dumpy figure■ short (of a person) small in height; (of a part of the body) not as long as normal （人）个子矮的；（身体某部位）短的◆He was a short, fat little man.他是个又矮又胖的家伙。◆I'm slightly shorter than you.我比你矮一点点。◆The little boy ran as fast as his short legs could carry him.那小男孩虽然腿短，可还是拼尽全力快跑。OPP tall ⇨ tall , long ⇨ length ■ diminutive dɪˈmɪnjətɪv (formal) (especially of a person) very small （尤指人）极小的，特小的◆She was a diminutive figure beside her husband.站在丈夫身边她就像个小矮人。■ petite pəˈtiːt (approving) (of a girl, a woman, or her figure) small and thin in an attractive way （女性或其身材）娇小的◆She was fair-haired and petite.她一头淡金色头发，身材娇小。◆With her slim, petite figure, she could have been any age from 13 to 30.从她那苗条娇小的身材来看，她的年龄从13到30岁都有可能。■ stubby (often of a part of the body, for example sb's fingers) short and thick （常指身体某部位，如手指）短而粗的◆He pointed with his stubby finger to the page.他用短粗的手指指着那页。■ stunted that has not been able to grow or develop as much as it should 发育不足的；生长不良的；未能充分发展的◆Instead of grass, there was a strip of thin scrub and stunted trees.那里没有草地，取而代之的是一窄条稀疏的灌木丛和一些生长不良的树。◆Lack of adequate nutrition often leads to stunted growth in children.缺乏营养常会导致儿童发育不足。■ dumpy (disapproving) (especially of a person) short and fat （尤指人）矮胖的◆That skirt makes you look dumpy.你穿那件裙子显得矮矮胖胖的。short3

adjective

 a short time/book/memory 短时间；一本篇幅短的书；记性差short people/legs 个子矮的人；短腿the short answer to your query 对你的询问的简略回答  ➡ See also the entry for sharp 2 另见sharp条第2义short ♦︎ brief ♦︎ concise ♦︎ abbreviated ♦︎ succinct ♦︎ economical ♦︎ pithyThese words all describe sth that uses few words or letters, or fewer words than sth else. 这些词均表示简略的、缩写的、简洁的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a short / a brief / a concise / an abbreviated / a succinct account◆a short / a brief / a concise / an abbreviated version◆a short / brief / concise / succinct summary / answer / statement◆a brief / pithy comment◆a concise / a succinct / an economical / a pithy style◆very short / brief / concise / succinct / economical◆relatively short / brief / succinct■ short using few words; being a shorter form of a name or word 简短的；简略的；缩写的◆The short answer to your query is that he has acted completely illegally.对于你的询问，简略回答就是他的行为完全违法。◆Try to keep your sentences short.设法把你的句子写得简短些。◆I've only read the shorter version of the report.我只读了报告的缩略版。◆Call me Jo－it's short for Joanna.叫我乔好了－这是乔安娜的简称。◆file transfer protocol or FTP for short文件传输协议或简称FTP OPP long ⇨ long adj.   see also shorten ⇨ shrink ■ brief using few words 简洁的；简短的◆The author makes only a brief mention of the role of Japan in this period.作者提到日本在这一时期的角色时只是简略带过。◆Please be brief (= say what you want to say quickly).请简明扼要。◆Now the rest of the news in brief.现在简要报道其他新闻。▸ briefly

adverb

◆Briefly, the argument is as follows...简言之，论据如下⋯NOTE 辨析 Short or brief?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆a short / brief account / version / description / summary / statement / answer简短的叙述／版本／描写／总结／声明／回答 Brief is often used when you are talking about speech rather than writing. * brief常用来形容言语而非文字◆Please be short... However, although a mention is usually brief whether in speech or writing, an answer is more likely to be short, even if it is spoken. 然而，无论是口头提及还是文字写到，mention通常都用brief来形容。answer则更常用short来形容，即使指的是口头回答。 ■ concise kənˈsaɪs (rather formal) giving only the information that is necessary and important, using few words 简明的；简练的；简洁的◆She gave us clear and concise instructions.她给我们做了言简意赅的说明。ⓘ Concise can also be used to describe a book that is shorter than the original book, on which it is based. In this meaning it is only used before a noun, not after a linking verb. * concise也可用来形容根据原著改写的缩略版。表达此义时它只用于名词前，不用于连系动词后◆This is just a concise dictionary－you should get yourself something bigger.这只是一本缩略版词典，你应该买一本更大部头的。   see also to the point ⇨ relevant ▸ concisely

adverb

◆He spoke clearly and concisely.他讲话言简意赅。■ abbreviated əˈbriːvieɪtɪd (of a word, phrase or name) shorter than usual because some letters have been left out, or only the first letters in each word are used （单词、短语或名称）缩略的，缩写的◆On the map, abbreviated forms such as USA and UK are consistently used.地图上经常使用像USA、UK这样的缩写形式。▸ abbreviate

verb

 [transitive] ◆Et cetera is usually abbreviated to etc.et cetera常缩写成etc.。■ succinct səkˈsɪŋkt (approving) (of a comment or piece of writing) expressed clearly and using few words （评论或文章）简明的，言简意赅的◆Keep your answers as succinct as possible.答案要尽可能简洁明了。OPP long-winded ⓘ Speech or writing that is long-winded continues for too long and is boring and may be hard to understand. * long-winded指讲话或文章冗长枯燥，可能让人难以理解。 ▸ succinctly

adverb

◆You put that very succintly.你说得十分简明扼要。■ economical (rather formal) using no more words, space or energy than is necessary 节俭的；节约的；简洁的◆He uses an economical prose style.他采用简练的散文体。◆an economical use of land / space节约用地；节省空间▸ economically

adverb

◆She writes elegantly and economically.她的文章典雅而简练。NOTE 辨析 Concise, succinct or economical? Concise and succinct are used more to talk about how facts are presented; economical is used more often to talk about sb's style of speaking or writing. Succinct suggests that you approve of the way sth is expressed because it is clear and wastes no words; concise is a more factual term, neither approving nor disapproving. * concise和succinct更多用来形容事实的呈现方式，economical更多用来形容某人说话或写作的风格。succinct含褒义，表示言简意赅，concise更注重客观叙述，是中性词。■ pithy ˈpɪθi (approving) (of a comment or piece of writing) short but expressed well and full of meaning （评论或文章）言简意赅的，精炼的◆a pithy advertising slogan一句精炼的广告口号
IELTS BNC: 500 COCA: 627
short
Words used to describe height: elevated, high, high...
Words used to describe length: abbreviated, as long as your arm, attenuated...
Happening or done quickly, suddenly or immediately: suddenly, immediately, at once...
Using few words in speech or writing: quiet, silent, brief...
Short forms: aren't, can't, couldn't...
Small in size: small, little, tiny...
Not enough: inadequate, insufficient, scant...
Rare and sought-after: rare, precious, scarce...
Words used to describe memory and memories: a memory like a sieve, a trip/walk down memory lane, blurred...
Talking in an unfriendly way: curt, terse, brusque...
Terms in phonetics: affricate, alveolar, articulator...
Relating to or describing distance: long, little, away...
Types and amounts of alcoholic drinks: alcohol, alcopop, aperitif...
Films and types of film: animation, anime, biopic...
Electricity and electrical power: AC, active, alternating current...
Clothing sizes: L, large, medium...

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