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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984
challengenounuk/ˈtʃæl.ɪndʒ/ us/ˈtʃæl.ɪndʒ/

challenge noun DIFFICULT JOB

B1 [ C or U ] (the situation of being faced with) something that needs great mental or physical effort in order to be done successfully and therefore tests a person's ability挑战；难题；考验

Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest challenges faced by scientists today.寻找这个难题的解决办法是当今科学家们所面临的最大挑战之一。
You know me - I like a challenge.你了解我——我喜欢挑战。
It's going to be a difficult job but I'm sure she'll rise to the challenge.这份工作会很有难度，不过我相信她会知难而上的。

More examples

Europe's finest golfers are getting ready for the challenge of the Ryder Cup.

An awesome challenge lies ahead of them.

Finding a cure for cancer is one of the biggest challenges facing medical researchers.

I've promised to finish the task by Friday, but it's going to be quite a challenge.

It could be a bit of a challenge getting the piano through the doorway.

challenge noun INVITATION

[ C ] an invitation to compete or take part, especially in a game or argument（尤指比赛或辩论）挑战（书），邀请

"I bet you can't eat all that food on your plate." "Is that a challenge?"“我敢打赌你吃不完自己盘里的食物?”“这是在叫板吗？”
[ + to infinitive ] She issued a challenge to her rival candidates to take part in a public debate.她向与她竞争的候选人发出挑战，邀请他们参加一次公开辩论。

More examples

He issued Tom with a challenge to come out and fight.

He thinks he can get to the top of the mountain quickest. That is his challenge to us.

challenge noun QUESTION

C2 [ C or U ] asking if something is true or legal质疑，怀疑

The result of the vote poses a serious challenge to the government's credibility.投票结果使人们对政府的可信度提出了严重质疑。
Because of the way this research was conducted, its findings are open to challenge.因为研究方法的问题，该项研究的结果颇让人怀疑。

challenge noun INSTRUCTION

[ C ] an instruction given by a soldier or guard at a border or gate, telling someone to stand still and say their name and reasons for being there（哨兵或警卫）喝停盘查

challenge noun REFUSAL

[ C ] specialized law the act of refusing to accept someone as a member of a jury（对某人出庭担任陪审员表示的）反对，拒绝

A challenge to a member of the jury should be made before the trial begins.反对某人为陪审团成员的申明应在开审之前宣布。
challengeverb [ T ]uk/ˈtʃæl.ɪndʒ/ us/ˈtʃæl.ɪndʒ/

challenge verb [ T ] INVITE

to invite someone to compete or take part, especially in a game or argument（尤指比赛或辩论）挑战，邀请

Tina has challenged me to a game of poker蒂娜向我挑战，要我和她玩扑克牌一决高低。

More examples

They challenged us to a game of football.

Can I challenge you to a game of chess?

challenge verb [ T ] DOUBT

B2 to question if something is true or legal质疑，怀疑

Children challenge their parents' authority far more nowadays than they did in the past.如今子女对父母权威的质疑远远多于过去。

More examples

It was courageous of her to challenge the managing director's decision.

Six journalists sought to challenge in court the legality of the ban on broadcasting.

Union representatives are planning to challenge New Labour policy at the party conference.

They did not dare to challenge the sacred cow of parliamentary democracy.

They challenged all our beliefs.

challenge verb [ T ] TEST

to test someone's ability or determination考验…的能力（或决心）

challenge verb [ T ] STOP

to tell someone at a border or gate to stand still and say their name and reasons for being there（在大门，边境等地）盘问，查问

challenge verb [ T ] REFUSE TO ACCEPT

specialized law to refuse to accept someone as a member of a jury（对某人出庭担任陪审员）表示反对，拒绝

TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984
challenge

noun¹

 1sth new and difficult新而困難的事ADJECTIVE | VERB + CHALLENGE | CHALLENGE + VERB ADJECTIVE➤big, considerable, enormous, great, huge, monumental, radical, real, serious, significant巨大的挑戰；嚴峻的考驗；重大的挑戰▸➤daunting, difficult, formidable, stiff, tough令人畏懼的／難對付的／棘手的／強有力的／強硬的挑戰◇The army faced the daunting challenge of fighting a war on two fronts.軍隊面臨要在兩條戰線作戰的嚴峻挑戰。➤fundamental, key, main, major, primary, ultimate根本的／關鍵的／主要的／重大的／首要的／最終的挑戰▸➤fresh, new, unprecedented新挑戰；前所未有的挑戰➤constant, continuing, ongoing不斷的／持續的／發展着的挑戰➤future未來的挑戰▸➤exciting, interesting令人興奮的／有意思的挑戰➤special, unique特殊的／獨特的挑戰▸➤economic, engineering, environmental, intellectual, logistical, physical, political, technical, technological經濟上的挑戰；工程上的挑戰；環境上的挑戰；智力上的挑戰；後勤上的挑戰；身體上的挑戰；政治上的挑戰；技術上的挑戰◇Getting the instrument built and tested was a major technical challenge.製作和測試這樣的儀器是很大的技術挑戰。➤global全球性的挑戰VERB + CHALLENGE➤be, constitute, remain, represent是挑戰；構成挑戰；仍然是挑戰；意味着挑戰◇The competitive market represents significant challenges for farmers.競爭激烈的市場對農民意味着很大的挑戰。➤create, offer, pose, present, provide, raise形成挑戰；提出挑戰；構成挑戰；準備好挑戰；提起挑戰▸➤address, confront, face, handle, meet, respond to, rise to, tackle, take on, take up應對挑戰；面對挑戰；處理挑戰；迎接挑戰；回應挑戰；起而應對挑戰；着手對付挑戰；接受挑戰◇The gallery has risen to the challenge of exhibiting the works of young artists.該美術館已做好準備以應對展出年輕藝術家作品的挑戰。◇He has taken on some exciting new challenges with this job.他已經接受了這份工作帶來的一些令人興奮的新挑戰。➤overcome, solve戰勝困難；解決棘手的問題➤enjoy, relish, welcome樂於對付／喜歡／歡迎挑戰CHALLENGE + VERB➤confront sb, face sb某人面臨考驗◇the challenges facing nurses in casualty急診室護士面臨的挑戰➤arise, exist, remain挑戰出現／存在／仍然存在◇She could always be counted on when a challenge arose.有困難的時候總是可以依靠她。➤lie挑戰在於◇The challenge lies in creating a demand for the product.挑戰在於使人們對該產品有所需求。
challenge

noun²

 2call for sb to fight, prove sth, etc.挑戰；質疑ADJECTIVE | VERB + CHALLENGE | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤effective, serious, strong有力的質詢；嚴重的質疑▸➤direct直接的質疑▸➤constitutional, legal合乎憲法的／合法的質詢▸➤leadership, title對領導地位的挑戰；稱號／錦標挑戰賽◇his title challenge to the heavyweight champion他向重量級冠軍發起挑戰的比賽VERB + CHALLENGE➤be, constitute, present, represent質問；提出質詢；表示質疑◇The demonstration represents a direct challenge to the new law.這次示威是對新法律的直接質疑。➤file, issue, mount, raise提出質疑；發起挑戰◇plans to mount a leadership challenge within the party在黨內挑戰領導地位的計劃➤accept, take up接受挑戰◇I accepted his challenge to a game of chess.我接受他的挑戰，與他下一盤棋。➤answer回應質疑◇He was answering challenges to the government's policy.他在回應對政府政策的質詢。➤beat off, fight off擊退／擊敗挑戰◇Our team will have to fight off the challenge from better trained teams.我們必須打敗比我們更訓練有素的隊伍的挑戰。➤survive, withstand承受住／經受住挑戰PREPOSITION➤challenge from⋯發出的挑戰◇a challenge from the other political party另外一個政黨發出的挑戰➤challenge to對⋯的質疑◇a legal challenge to the President's power對總統權力的合法質詢
challenge

verb¹

 1question whether sth is right/true質疑ADVERB | VERB + CHALLENGE | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤directly, openly, publicly直接／公開／當眾質疑◇The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.報紙直接質疑政府的合法性。➤seriously, vigorously嚴肅地／激烈地質疑▸➤effectively有力地質疑◇She was effectively challenging the whole basis on which society was run.她對社會運轉的整個基礎提出了有力的質疑。➤successfully成功地質疑◇The story was completely untrue and was successfully challenged in court.這個陳述完全不真實，在法庭上被成功地揭穿了。➤constantly, continually, repeatedly不斷地／不停地／反覆地質疑VERB + CHALLENGE➤seek試圖質疑◇Harley sought to challenge the jurisdiction of the court.哈利試圖質疑該法院的審判權。PREPOSITION➤on對⋯的質疑◇She challenged him on his old-fashioned views.她不同意他的老派觀點。
challenge

verb²

 2invite sb to compete, argue, etc.挑戰ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤seriously認真地提出挑戰◇No one has seriously challenged the champion.從來沒有人真正地挑戰過這個冠軍。➤successfully, unsuccessfully成功地／未能成功地挑戰PREPOSITION➤for就⋯而挑戰◇She was poised to challenge for the party leadership.她已準備好競爭黨內領導地位。➤to對⋯的挑戰◇The count challenged him to a duel.伯爵邀他決鬥。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984
challenge verb
⇨ challenge (challenge sb to a game of chess) ⇨ confront (challenged by police) ⇨ doubt (challenge an assumption)challenge noun
⇨ problem challenge

verb

challenge ♦︎ dare ♦︎ throw down the gauntletThese words all mean to invite sb to fight or compete with you, or do sth that you think they may be afraid to do. 这些词均表示挑战某人或激发某人做某事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to challenge / dare sb to do sth■ challenge ˈtʃæləndʒ [transitive] to invite sb to enter a competition or fight; to suggest strongly that sb should do sth, especially when you think that they might be unwilling to do it 向（某人）挑战；（尤指在对方不情愿时）强烈建议（某人做某事）◆Mike challenged me to a game of chess.迈克硬要和我在棋盘上一决高下。◆The opposition leader challenged the prime minister to call an election.反对党领袖强烈要求首相宣布进行选举。   see also challenger ⇨ participant ▸ challenge

noun

 [countable] ◆She took up his challenge.她接受了他的挑战。■ dare [transitive] to try to persuade sb to do sth dangerous, difficult or embarrassing so that they can show that they are not afraid 激（某人做某事）；问（某人）有没有胆量（做某事）◆Go on! Take it! I dare you.来呀！接受吧！我谅你也不敢。◆Some of the older boys had dared him to do it.几个大男孩激他做这事。▸ dare

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆ (BrE) He climbed onto the roof for a dare.他受到激将爬上了房顶。 (NAmE) ◆She learned to fly on a dare.她在激将下学会了驾驶飞机。■ throw down the ˈgauntlet

idiom

(threw, thrown)to invite sb to fight or compete with you 发出挑战◆She has thrown down the gauntlet to the newspaper by accusing it of libel.她向那家报社发出挑战，控告他们诽谤。 OPP take up the gauntlet ⓘ To take up the gauntlet is to accept sb's invitation to fight or compete. * take up the gauntlet指接受挑战◆His Republican rival may be expected to take up the gauntlet.据猜测，他的共和党竞争对手可能会接受挑战。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1506 COCA: 984

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