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IELTS BNC: 499 COCA: 641
material noun
⇨ material (building materials) ⇨ equipment (cleaning/teaching materials) ⇨ fabric (a piece of material) ⇨ information (collect material for a novel)material adj.
⇨ relevant material

noun

material ♦︎ substance ♦︎ chemical ♦︎ gas ♦︎ liquid ♦︎ fluid ♦︎ stuff ♦︎ matter ♦︎ solid ♦︎ elementThese are all words for sth from which other things are made. 這些詞均表示材料、原料、物質。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a natural material / substance / chemical / gas◆a chemical substance / element◆organic material / substances / chemicals / liquid / matter / elements◆radioactive material / substances / chemicals / gas / liquid / matter / elements◆a toxic material / substance / chemical / gas / liquid / element◆a flammable material / substance / gas / liquid◆(a) sticky substance / stuff / liquid / fluid / solid◆waste material / chemicals / gas / matter■ material [countable, uncountable] something that things can be made from 材料；原料◆Toxic chemicals and other materials have been found.已查出有毒化學品和其他原料。◆There were bricks, sand and other building materials in the courtyard.院子裏有磚、沙子和其他建築材料。◆Oil is the raw material for plastic.石油是生産塑料的原料。■ substance [countable] a material that has particular qualities 物質；物品◆Psychoactive drugs are chemical substances that act on the brain.精神藥物是作用於大腦的化學物質。◆Substances can be divided into elements, compounds and mixtures.物質可分爲元素、化合物和混合物。■ chemical [countable] a substance obtained by or used in a chemical process (= a process that involves changes to molecules or atoms) 化學制品；化學品◆This chemical is often used to make cleaning products.這種化學品常用來制作清潔産品。◆Hormones are chemicals that are released in the body and control many important functions.激素是體内釋放的化學物質，調控很多重要的機能。■ gas [countable, uncountable] any substance like air that is neither a solid nor a liquid, for example hydrogen or oxygen 氣體◆Air is a mixture of gases.空氣爲混合氣體。◆Producing methane gas from organic waste is another extremely practical use of resources.利用有機廢物生産沼氣是另一種極爲切實可行的利用資源的方法。■ liquid [countable, uncountable] a substance that flows freely and is not a solid or a gas, for example water or oil 液體◆She offered me a cup containing a dark brown liquid.她遞給我一杯深棕色的液體。◆As the air became warmer the droplets of liquid turned to invisible water vapour.随着空氣變熱，液滴轉化成看不見的水蒸氣。▸ liquid

adjective

◆Water is liquid at room temperature.水在室溫下是液態的。◆The samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen.這些樣本冷凍在液態氮中。OPP solid ⇨ solid ■ fluid ˈfluːɪd [countable, uncountable] (formal or technical 術語) a liquid; a substance that can flow 液體；流體；液◆The doctor told him to drink plenty of fluids.醫生囑咐他多喝流質。◆The attacker's DNA pattern was identified from a sample of body fluid.襲擊者的DNA圖譜從體液樣本中鑒定了出來。ⓘ Although a fluid is usually a liquid, it can be any substance which can flow, for example a gas or a liquid containing small solid pieces. 盡管fluid通常是liquid，但也有可能是任何流動的物質，如氣體或含小塊固體的液體。■ stuff [uncountable] (informal) used to refer to a substance or material when you do not know the name, when the name is not important or when it is obvious what you are talking about （用於事物名稱不詳、無關緊要或所指事物明顯時）東西，物品，玩意兒◆What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet?地毯上那黏糊糊的都是什麽玩意兒？◆The chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff.那些椅子包了某種塑料膜。◆This wine is good stuff.這酒不錯。◆ (disapproving) I don't know how you can eat that stuff.我不明白你怎麽能吃那種東西。   see also stuff ⇨ thing 3 , thing ⇨ thing 2 ■ matter [uncountable] (formal or physics 物理) a substance or things of a particular sort; physical substance in general that everything in the world consists of; not mind or spirit （某種）東西，物品，材料；（統稱）物質◆The soil is rich in organic matter.這裏的土壤富含有機物。◆She didn't approve of their choice of reading matter.她不贊同他們挑選的閱讀材料。◆The behaviour of matter can be quantified by measures such as weight.物質的特性可以用重量等度量單位來作量化描述。■ solid [countable] a substance or object that is hard or firm, not a liquid or gas 固體◆Is calcium carbonate normally a solid or a liquid?碳酸鈣在通常情況下是固體還是液體？◆The baby is not yet on solids (= eating solid food).那嬰兒還不能吃固體食物。   see also solid ⇨ solid adj. ■ element [countable] (chemistry 化學) a simple chemical substance that consists of atoms of only one type and cannot be split by chemical means into a simpler substance. Gold, oxygen and carbon are all elements. 元素（如金、氧、碳）◆All chemical substances, whether elements, compounds or mixtures, are made up of three types of particles.所有化學物質，無論是元素、化合物還是混合物，都由三種粒子構成。

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