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IELTS BNC: 319 COCA: 333
public adj.
public (the public sector) common (public transport) famous (a public figure) social (public opinion)
public noun
community (the general public) market1 (the viewing public)
public

adjective

public ♦︎ state ♦︎ national ♦︎ federalThese words all describe things connected with the government of a country, especially government spending and services. 这些词均表示政府出资或提供服务的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配public / state / national / federal authorities / funding / expenditure / investmentpublic / state / federal power / control / regulation / institutions / officials / employees / funds / money / finance / spendingpublic / state education / hospitals / enterprise / ownershipthe public / state sectorthe national / federal government public [only before noun] connected with the government and the services it provides 政府的;政府提供服务的Their tax plans would hit public services.他们的税收计划将对公共服务造成影响。There has been massive investment in public housing.已经在公屋项目上投入巨资。He spent much of his career in public office (= working for the government).他职业生涯的大部分时间在政府部门工作。In the US, Australia, Scotland and some other countries a public school is a free local school paid for by the government; in England this is called a state school. In Britain, especially England, a public school is a private school for young people between the ages of 13 and 18, who often live at the school while they are studying, and whose parents pay for their education. A public company or public limited company (in British English) or public corporation (in American English) is also not owned by the government, but a company that sells shares in itself to the public. However, in British English a public corporation is an organization that is owned by the government and that provides a national service. 在美国、澳大利亚、苏格兰和其他一些国家,public school是由政府拨款的地方免费学校,这类学校在英格兰称为state school。在英国,尤其是英格兰,public school是招收13至18岁学生的私立学校,常为寄宿学校,学费由父母承担。英式英语中的public company或public limited company,和美式英语中的public corporation都不是国有企业,而是向公众出售公司股份的上市公司。但是在英式英语中,public corporation是国有企业,提供公共服务。 OPP private A private service or institution is owned or managed by an individual person or an independent company rather than by the government. * private指服务或机构是私有或私营的private companies / schools私营公司;私立学校a programme to return many of the state companies to private ownership国有企业私有化的计划 publicly

adverb

a publicly owned company上市公司
state [only before noun] provided or controlled by the government 国家提供(或控制)的The law applies only to schools within the state system.这条法规只适用于公办学校。There needs to be an increase in the basic state pension.由政府拨款的基本养老金需要增加。Many local families are dependent on state benefits (= in Britain, government money given to people who are poor).当地许多家庭靠政府的救济金生活。OPP private see also state country 1 national [usually before noun] owned, controlled or financially supported by the government 国有的;国立的;国营的The collection is housed at the national museum.这批收藏品保存在国家博物馆里。The Romanian national airline has ordered seven of the new aircraft.罗马尼亚国家航空公司已经订购了七架这种新飞机。 federal ˈfedərəl connected with national government rather than the local government of an individual state 联邦政府的On 15th February a federal judge ruled in their favour.2月15日联邦法官判他们胜诉。We will continue federal funding for the arts.我们将继续对艺术给予联邦政府拨款。Federal is used about countries, especially the US, which have a system of government in which the individual states of a country have control over their own affairs, but are controlled by a central government for national decisions. * federal表示“联邦制的”,指某些国家,尤其是美国采用的国家结构形式。在这些国家,各州掌管自己的事务,但全国性的决议则由中央政府即联邦政府掌控。 federally

adverb

federally funded health care由联邦政府拨款的医疗保健服务

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