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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 525 COCA: 560
cover noun
⇨ cover (a waterproof cover) ⇨ pretence (a cover for illegal activities) ⇨ replacement (cover for absent staff) ⇨ security (air cover) ⇨ shelter (run for cover)cover verb
⇨ cover (covered in mud) ⇨ describe (cover a story) ⇨ go 2 (cover many miles) ⇨ hide 1 (cover your face) ⇨ include 1 (cover a subject)cover

noun

cover ♦︎ wrapper ♦︎ casing ♦︎ wrapping ♦︎ sheath ♦︎ tarpaulin ♦︎ tarp ♦︎ covering ♦︎ wrapThese are all words for sth that covers or is wrapped around an object. 这些词均表示覆盖物、包裹物、套子。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆under a cover / tarpaulin / tarp / covering◆a protective cover / wrapper / casing / wrapping / sheath / covering◆(a) plastic cover / wrapper / casing / wrapping / sheath / tarpaulin / tarp / covering / wrap◆(a) paper cover / wrapper / wrapping / covering◆to take off / remove the cover / wrapper / wrapping / covering / wrap◆to take sth out of its wrapper / casing / wrapping / sheath■ cover [countable] a thing that is put over or around another thing, usually to protect it or make it look attractive （起保护或装饰作用的）覆盖物，掩盖物，套子，罩子◆The buggy had a plastic waterproof cover.那辆童车有一个塑料防水篷。◆The plants provide a protective cover for the soil.植被为土壤提供了一个保护罩。◆It's a good idea to put a dust cover over your computer at night (= to protect it from dust).在晚上为计算机盖上防尘罩是个好主意。◆Brighten up your room with some colourful cushion covers.用一些色彩鲜艳的靠垫套使你的房间更添亮丽。  see also cover ⇨ hide verb 1 ■ wrapper [countable] a piece of paper, plastic, etc. that is wrapped around sth in order to protect it. Food that you buy will often have a wrapper on it in order to protect it and keep it clean. （食品等的）包装材料，包装纸，包装膜◆Each meal is packed in a sealed wrapper.每份餐都密封包装。◆He eagerly tore the wrapper off.他迫不及待地撕开了包装。◆ (BrE) The floor was covered with sweet wrappers.地板上都是糖纸。◆ (NAmE) candy wrappers糖纸■ casing ˈkeɪsɪŋ [countable] a cover that protects sth, especially one made of a hard substance such as wood or hard plastic （尤指木板或硬塑料等硬物制成的）箱，盒，盖◆The printer has an attractive black casing.这台打印机有一个好看的黑壳。■ wrapping [uncountable] ( wrappings [plural]) paper, plastic, etc. that is used for wrapping sth in, in order to protect it 包装材料；包装纸；包装塑料◆She tore the cellophane wrapping off the box.她把包装盒子的玻璃纸撕了下来。◆The dress still hung in its plastic wrappings.那条连衣裙还套着塑料包装挂着呢。◆I bought several rolls of wrapping paper.我买了几卷包装纸。■ sheath ʃiːθ (plural sheaths ʃiːðz ) [countable] a cover that fits closely around sth to protect it, especially sth such as a knife or other weapon or tool 护层；（刀、剑等的）鞘；（工具的）套◆He put the dagger back in its sheath.他把短剑插回鞘中。◆The cable is protected by a strong plastic sheath.电缆外层有结实的塑料护皮保护着。■ tarpaulin tɑːˈpɔːlɪn; NAmE tɑːrˈpɔːlɪn [countable] a large sheet made of a heavy waterproof material, used to cover things to keep rain or water off 柏油帆布；（防水）油布◆The car was covered with a black tarpaulin.那辆车用黑色的油布盖着。■ tarp [countable] (NAmE, informal) a tarpaulin 柏油帆布；（防水）油布◆The men huddled under the tarp.那些人在防水油布下挤作一团。■ covering [uncountable, countable] a material that is used to cover sth, especially sth such as floors or walls in order to protect them or make them look attractive （尤指用来保护或装饰地板或墙壁等的）覆盖物◆The cell had bare walls and no floor covering.那小房间的墙光秃秃的，地板上也没有覆盖物。■ wrap [uncountable] (usually in compounds 通常用于构成复合词) paper, plastic, etc. that is used for wrapping sth in, in order to protect it or make it look attractive 包裹（或包装）材料◆We stock a wide range of cards and gift wrap.我们备有式样繁多的贺卡和礼品包装材料。◆Use bubble wrap (= a sheet of plastic full of small bubbles of air) to pack things which might get broken.用气泡膜把易碎物品包起来。◆ (NAmE) Just cover the plate of sandwiches with plastic wrap (= a thin transparent plastic material that sticks to a surface and to itself).把那一碟三明治用保鲜膜盖上。ⓘ The British English word for plastic wrap is cling film. 英式英语中用cling film来指保鲜膜。 cover

verb

cover ♦︎ coat ♦︎ spread ♦︎ rub ♦︎ smear ♦︎ daub ♦︎ cakeThese words all mean to put a liquid or a soft substance onto sth. 这些词均表示将液体或稀软之物涂抹、覆盖到某物上。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cover / coat / spread / rub / smear / daub / cake sth with sth◆to cover / coat / cake sth in sth◆to spread / rub / smear / daub sth on sth◆to spread / smear sth over sth◆to cover sth with / coat sth with / spread a layer of sth◆to rub / smear oil into / onto sth◆to be covered / coated / caked in / with dust◆to be covered / caked in / with dirt◆to be covered / smeared / caked in / with mud◆to be covered / coated / smeared in / with grease / oil◆to be covered / coated / smeared / daubed with paint◆to be covered / smeared / daubed / caked in / with blood◆to be covered / coated / spread with chocolate◆liberally covered / coated / spread / smeared◆thickly / thinly covered / coated / spread■ cover [transitive, often passive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to put a layer of sth, especially sth liquid, soft or dirty, on sb/sth 覆上，洒上，溅上（一层液体、稀软或脏的东西）◆The players were soon covered in mud.那些运动员很快就满身泥浆。◆The wind blew in from the desert and covered everything with sand.风从沙漠那边吹来，把一切都蒙上了一层沙。■ coat [transitive, often passive] to cover sth with a layer of a substance 给⋯涂上一层；（用⋯）覆盖◆The cookies were thickly coated with chocolate.曲奇上涂了厚厚一层巧克力。◆A film of dust coated the table.桌上覆盖着一层灰尘。NOTE 辨析 Cover or coat? Cover is a more general word than coat. Coat is used especially when sth is deliberately covered with a fixed layer for decoration or protection. * cover比coat含义广。coat尤指出于装饰或保护目的，有意在某物上面牢固地覆盖上一层◆The flakes are coated with sugar (= the sugar is fixed onto them).薄片上涂了一层糖。◆The flakes are covered with sugar (= the sugar is not fixed onto them).薄片上沾了一层糖。When sth gets coated in dust or grease, it suggests that the dust or grease may be quite thick and hard to remove. 分词coated指某物覆盖着灰尘或油脂时，暗示灰尘或油脂可能很厚，难以去除◆More than 400 birds were coated with oil when 50 tonnes of crude oil spilled into the sea.50吨原油泄漏到海里后，400多只鸟身上裹了一层油污。 ■ spread (spread, spread) [transitive, intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to deliberately put a layer of a substance onto the surface of sth; to be able to be put onto a surface 涂；敷；抹◆She spread butter on a piece of toast.她往烤面包片上抹黄油。◆Spread the cake with cream and then sprinkle flakes of chocolate on top.把奶油抹到蛋糕上，然后在上面撒些巧克力碎片。◆If the paint is too thick, it will not spread easily.油漆如果太稠就不容易涂抹。ⓘ Spread is used about substances that you spread deliberately; it is not used about dirt or grease that gets onto sth by accident. * spread指有意涂抹，不用来指灰尘或油脂意外沾染到某物上。■ rub (-bb-) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to spread a liquid or other substance over a surface while pressing firmly 涂；抹；搽◆She rubbed moisturizer into her skin.她把乳液揉抹进皮肤里。◆Rub some salt on the fish before cooking.烹制前在鱼身上抹些盐。■ smear smɪə(r); NAmE smɪr [transitive] to spread a soft substance over a surface in a rough or careless way （用稀软物质）胡乱涂抹◆The children had smeared mud on the walls.那些孩子往墙上乱涂泥巴。◆His face was smeared with blood.他满脸血污。  see also smear ⇨ mark noun ■ daub dɔːb [transitive, often passive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to spread a substance such as paint or mud onto sth thickly and/or carelessly （用颜料、灰泥等）涂抹，乱涂，乱画◆The walls of the building were daubed with red paint.这座楼的几面墙上随意涂了一层红漆。NOTE 辨析 Smear or daub? Daub is often passive; smear is often active or passive. Daub always needs an adverb or preposition; smear can be used without. * daub常用被动形式，smear主动或被动形式均很常用。daub总是与副词或介词连用，smear可不跟副词或介词◆She had smeared her make-up.她胡乱化了妆。◆She had daubed her make-up. Daub is often used when talking about words which are written on sth; smear is not usually used in this way. 在某物上涂写字句常用daub，smear一般不这样用◆They found a message daubed onto the wall of the cell.他们在小房间墙上发现了一条涂写的信息。◆They found a message smeared onto the wall of the cell. ■ cake [transitive, usually passive] to cover sth with a thick layer of sth soft that becomes hard when it dries （用干后变硬的稀软物质）覆盖（厚厚一层）◆Her shoes were caked with mud.她的鞋上沾满泥巴。

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