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IELTS BNC: 541 COCA: 414
cut verb
⇨ cut 1 (cut taxes) ⇨ cut 2 (cut the bread) ⇨ cut 3 (have your hair cut) ⇨ cut 4 (cut your finger) ⇨ delete (cut and paste) ⇨ free 1 (cut the injured driver from the wreckage)cut noun
⇨ injury (a deep cut on his arm) ⇨ reduction (a cut in salary) ⇨ share (a cut of 5%)cut1

verb

 cut taxes 减税cut the bread 切面包have your hair cut 理发cut your finger 割破手指  ➡ See also the entries for abolish, reduce and save 2 另见abolish条、reduce条和save条第2义cut ♦︎ slash ♦︎ cut sth back ♦︎ cut sth down ♦︎ scale sth back ♦︎ rationalize ♦︎ downsize ♦︎ scale sth downThese words all mean to reduce the amount or size of sth, especially of an amount of money or a business. 这些词均表示削减、缩减、裁减，尤指减少资金或企业规模。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cut sth / cut sth back / cut sth down / downsize sth / scale sth down from $50 000 to $40 000◆to cut sth / cut sth back / cut sth down / scale sth down by $5 000 / 30%◆to cut back / cut down on sth◆to cut / slash / cut back on / cut down on / scale back / rationalize spending / production◆to cut / slash / cut back on jobs◆to cut / slash / downsize the workforce◆to cut / slash / rationalize the cost of sth◆to cut sth / slash sth / cut sth back / cut sth down / scale sth down drastically◆to cut sth / cut sth back / cut sth down considerably■ cut (cutting, cut, cut) [transitive] to reduce sth, especially an amount of money that is demanded, spent, earned, etc. or the size of a business 削减，缩减，裁减（尤指经费、开支、收入或企业规模）◆The President has promised to cut taxes significantly.总统承诺大幅减税。◆Could you cut your essay from 5 000 to 3 000 words?请把你的文章从5 000字删减到3 000字好吗？  see also cut ⇨ reduction noun ■ slash [transitive, often passive] (rather informal, journalism 新闻) to reduce sth by a large amount 大幅削减；大大降低◆The workforce has been slashed by half.职工人数裁减了一半。◆A slump in the retail trade has forced the company to slash prices.零售行业不景气迫使那家公司大幅降价。■ ˌcut sth ˈback■ ˌcut ˈback on sth

phrasal verb

(cutting, cut, cut)to reduce sth, especially an amount of money or business 削减，缩减，裁减（尤指资金或业务量）◆If we don't sell more we'll have to cut back production.我们若不能多销，就得减产。◆The local authority is trying to cut back significantly on spending this year.地方当局今年试图大幅削减开支。   see also cutback ⇨ reduction ■ ˌcut sth ˈdown■ ˌcut ˈdown on sth

phrasal verb

(cutting, cut, cut)to reduce the size, amount or number of sth 削减，缩小（规模、数量或数目）◆The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking.医生劝他少喝酒。◆I won't have a cigarette, thanks－I'm trying to cut down (= smoke fewer).谢谢，我不抽。我现在尽量少抽烟。■ ˌscale sth ˈback

phrasal verb

 (especially NAmE or business 商业) to reduce sth, especially an amount of money or business 削减，缩减，裁减（尤指资金或业务量）◆The IMF has scaled back its growth forecasts for the next decade.国际货币基金组织已经调低它对未来十年的增长预测。■ rationalize (BrE also rationalise) [transitive, intransitive] (BrE, business 商业) to make changes to a business or system, in order to make it more efficient, especially by spending less money 使合理化；进行合理化改革；使增加效益◆Twenty workers lost their jobs when the department was rationalized.在部门的合理化改革中有二十名工人失业。▸ rationalization (BrE also rationalisation)

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆a need for rationalization of the industry对这一行业进行合理化改革的必要性■ downsize ˈdaʊnsaɪz [intransitive, transitive] (business 商业) to make a company or organization smaller by reducing the number of jobs in it, in order to reduce costs （公司或机构）裁员，精减◆The worsening situation forced the company to downsize from 39 employees to 7.日益恶化的状况迫使那家公司将员工人数从39个裁减到7个。◆The larger companies are all planning to downsize their US operations.较大的公司都正计划精减在美国的运营。ⓘ Downsize is often used by people who want to avoid saying more obvious words like 'fire', 'dismiss', 'lay sb off' or 'make sb redundant' because they sound too negative. 用downsize常是为了避免说fire、dismiss、lay sb off或make sb redundant等更直白的词，因为这些词听起来过于负面。■ ˌscale sth ˈdown

phrasal verb

to reduce the number, size or extent of sth 减少（数量）；缩小（规模或范围）◆We are thinking of scaling down our training programmes next year.我们在考虑缩小明年的培训规模。◆He was using scaled-down versions of his father's tools.他使用的那些工具比他父亲的尺寸小。NOTE 辨析 Cut, cut sth back, cut sth down, scale sth back or scale sth down? Cut is the most general of these words. Cut sth back and scale sth back are both used especially to talk about money or business. Cut sth down and scale sth down are both more general, but are used more for talking about things other than money or business. * cut在这些词中含义最广。cut sth back和scale sth back尤用于谈论金钱或生意。cut sth down和scale sth down使用范围较广，但多用于谈论金钱和生意以外的事物。cut2

verb

 cut taxes 减税cut the bread 切面包have your hair cut 理发cut your finger 割破手指cut ♦︎ chop ♦︎ slice ♦︎ carve ♦︎ diceThese words all mean to make smaller pieces of sth by using sth sharp such as a knife. 这些词均表示切、割。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cut / chop / slice / carve sth into sth◆to cut / chop / slice sth off sth◆to cut / slice sth in half / two◆to cut / chop / slice sth up◆to cut / chop / slice / carve / dice meat◆to cut / slice bread / cake◆to chop / slice an onion◆to cut / chop / slice / dice sth finely◆to cut / slice sth thinly■ cut (cutting, cut, cut) [transitive] to remove sth or a part of sth, or divide sth into two or more pieces with a knife, etc.; to make or form sth by removing material with a knife, etc. （用刀等从某物上）切下，割下；（用刀等将某物）切成，割成◆He cut four slices from the loaf.他从一条面包上切下四片。◆He cut the loaf into thick slices.他把那条面包切成了厚片。◆Shall I cut you a piece of cake?要我给你切块蛋糕吗？◆Don't cut the string; untie the knot.不要割断绳子，把结解开。◆The climbers cut steps in the ice.登山者在冰上凿出踏脚处。■ chop (-pp-) [transitive] to make smaller pieces of sth using sth sharp such as a knife 切碎；剁碎；砍；劈◆He was chopping logs for firewood.他在把原木劈成柴火。◆Roughly chop the herbs.把香草稍微切一下。■ slice [transitive, intransitive] to cut sth into slices; to cut sth easily with or as if with a sharp blade 把⋯切成片；切；割；划◆Slice the cucumber thinly.把黄瓜切成薄片。◆a sliced loaf切片面包◆a loaf of sliced bread一条切片面包◆He accidentally sliced through his finger.他不小心把指头割破了。  see also slice ⇨ piece ■ carve [transitive, intransitive] to cut a large piece of cooked meat into smaller pieces for eating 把（熟肉）切成块◆She taught me how to carve a leg of lamb.她教我如何切羊腿。◆Lunch is ready. Who's going to carve?午饭好了，谁来把肉切开？■ dice [transitive] to cut meat, vegetables, etc. into small square pieces 把（肉、菜等）切成丁◆diced carrots / lamb胡萝卜丁；羊肉丁cut3

verb

 cut taxes 减税cut the bread 切面包have your hair cut 理发cut your finger 割破手指cut ♦︎ trim ♦︎ shave ♦︎ mow ♦︎ lop ♦︎ shear ♦︎ snip ♦︎ crop ♦︎ clipThese words all mean to make sth shorter or neater by removing part of it with a sharp tool. 这些词均表示剪短或修剪。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cut / trim / shave / lop / snip / clip sth off sth◆to cut / trim / shave / lop / shear / snip / clip sth off◆to cut / shave / lop / shear / snip / clip sth from sth◆to cut / trim / shave / shear / snip / crop / clip hair◆to cut / trim / clip a hedge◆to cut / clip your / sb's nails◆to cut / mow the grass / lawn◆to cut / trim / clip sth neatly■ cut (cutting, cut, cut) [transitive] to make sth shorter by cutting; to remove sth from sth larger by cutting 剪短；修剪；割下；切掉◆I'm going to get / have my hair cut really short.我要把头发理得很短。◆He had his finger cut off in an accident at work.他在工作时出了意外，切掉了一根手指。▸ cut

noun

 [countable] ◆Using sharp scissors, make a small cut in the material.用锋利的剪刀在这块布料上剪一个小口。◆to have a haircut理发■ trim (-mm-) [transitive] to make sth neater, smaller or better by cutting parts from it; to cut away unnecessary parts from sth 修剪；割掉，剪下（不必要的部分）◆Trim the edges with a sharp knife.用锋利的刀修修边。◆His beard was neatly trimmed.他的胡子修剪得很整齐。◆Trim some of the fat off the meat.把多余的肥膘从肉上切掉。▸ trim

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆The hedge needs a trim.树篱需要修剪了。■ shave [transitive, intransitive] to cut hair from the skin, especially the face, using a razor (= a special instrument that cuts close to the skin) 剃（须发）；（尤指）刮脸◆He has completely shaved his head.他剃了一个光头。◆I cut myself (= made myself bleed) when I was shaving.我刮胡子时把脸划破了。▸ shave

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆I need a shave.我需要刮胡子了。■ mow məʊ; NAmE moʊ(mowed, mown or mowed, mowed) [transitive] to cut grass, etc. using a machine or tool that has a special blade or blades 刈；割，修剪（草等）◆The lawn needs mowing every week in summer.夏天每周都要修剪草坪。■ lop (-pp-) [transitive] to remove part of sth by cutting it, especially to remove branches from a tree 砍掉；剪掉；（尤指）修剪（树枝）◆The men began lopping branches from a row of beech trees.那些人开始修剪一排山毛榉的树枝。■ shear ʃɪə(r); NAmE ʃɪr(sheared, shorn or sheared, sheared) [transitive] to cut the wool off a sheep; to cut off sb's hair 剪（羊毛或头发）◆It was time for the sheep to be shorn.是剪羊毛的时节了。◆ (formal) The prisoners' hair was shorn.那些囚犯的头发被剪掉了。■ snip (-pp-) [transitive] to cut sth with scissors using short, quick strokes （用剪刀快速）剪，剪断，剪开◆Snip a tiny hole in the paper.在纸上剪一个小孔。◆She snipped at the stitching.她把针脚剪掉。◆Snip off the end of the tube.把管子末端剪掉。▸ snip

noun

 [countable] ◆Make a series of snips along the edge of the fabric.顺着布边细碎地剪。■ crop (-pp-) [transitive] to cut sb's hair very short 将（头发）剪得很短◆His hair was closely cropped.他的头发剪得很短。■ clip (-pp-) [transitive] to cut sth with scissors, etc. in order to make it shorter or neater; to remove sth by cutting it off 剪（掉）；修剪◆The trees had been clipped into formal shapes.那些树已经修剪成整齐的形状了。◆He clipped off a piece of wire with the pliers.他用钳子剪掉了一段电线。cut4

verb

 cut taxes 减税cut the bread 切面包have your hair cut 理发cut your finger 割破手指cut ♦︎ slash ♦︎ slit ♦︎ split ♦︎ nick ♦︎ gashThese words all mean to make an opening or wound in sth with sth sharp. 这些词均表示切开、划破。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cut / slash / slit sb's throat / your wrists◆to cut / split your head / lip◆to cut / nick yourself◆to cut / slit / split sth open■ cut (cutting, cut, cut) [transitive] to make an opening or a wound in sth, especially with a sharp tool such as a knife or scissors （尤指用刀、剪等利器）切，割，割破，划破◆She cut her finger on a piece of glass.一块玻璃划破了她的手指。◆He cut himself (= his face) shaving.他刮胡子把脸刮破了。◆Workmen cut a hole in the pipe.工人在管道里凿了一个孔。◆You need a powerful saw to cut through metal.切割金属须用强劲的锯。  see also cut ⇨ injury ■ slash [transitive] to make a long cut with a sharp object, especially in a violent way （用利器）砍，劈◆Someone had slashed the tyres on my car.有人割破了我汽车的轮胎。◆She tried to kill herself by slashing her wrists.她试图割腕自杀。◆We had to slash our way through the undergrowth with sticks.我们挥舞着木棍一路劈砍，才在灌木丛中开出一条路前行。◆He slashed at his opponent with his sword.他挥剑砍向对手。■ slit (slitting, slit, slit) [transitive] to make a long narrow cut or opening in sth 在⋯上开狭长口子；切开；划破◆Slit the roll with a sharp knife.用锋利的刀在面包卷上划开一道口子。◆The victim's throat had been slit.受害者的喉咙被割开了。◆He slit open the envelope and took out the letter.他拆开信封，抽出信来。■ split (splitting, split, split) [transitive] to accidentally cut your skin and make it bleed （意外）划破，割破，碰破（皮肤）◆She fell downstairs and split her head open.她摔下楼梯，把头碰破了。◆How did you split your lip?你怎么把嘴唇划破了？■ nick [transitive] to make a small cut in the surface or edge of sth, especially sb's skin （在⋯表面或边上）划刻痕，使有缺口；使（皮肤）破损◆He nicked himself while shaving.他刮脸时刮了个口子。◆I nicked my finger opening the tin.我开罐头时划破了手指。■ gash [transitive] to make a long deep cut in sth, especially sb's skin 划伤，割伤（皮肤）◆He gashed his hand on a sharp piece of rock.他的手在一块尖石头上划了一个大口子。  see also gash ⇨ injury

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