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explain verb
⇨ explain 1 (explain how sth works) ⇨ explain 2 (explain your behaviour)explain1

verb

 explain how sth works 解释⋯的工作原理explain your behaviour 说明你这样做的原因explain ♦︎ illustrate ♦︎ define ♦︎ clarify ♦︎ shed/cast/throw light on sth ♦︎ spell sth out ♦︎ interpret ♦︎ expoundThese words all mean to tell sb about sth in a way that makes them able to understand it. 这些词均表示解释、说明。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to explain / clarify / spell sth out / expound sth to sb◆to explain / spell out that...◆to explain / illustrate / clarify / shed light on / spell out how / what... / why...◆to explain / clarify / shed light on a / an situation / issue◆to explain / illustrate / clarify / expound an idea◆to explain / illustrate / clarify a point◆to explain / illustrate / define / clarify the position / role / nature / meaning of sth◆to explain / illustrate / expound a theory◆to clearly explain / illustrate / define / spell out / expound sth■ explain [transitive, intransitive] to tell sb about sth in a way that makes it easy or easier for them to understand 解释；说明；阐明◆First, let me explain the rules of the game.首先，我来说明一下游戏的规则。◆I tried to explain the problem to the technician.我试图向那个技术员解释这个问题。◆She explained to them what to do in the event of an emergency.她向他们说明了紧急情况下要怎么做。◆'It was like this,' she explained.“事情就是这样了。”她解释道。◆There's no need to explain. We understand.没有必要解释，我们明白。ⓘ You cannot say 'explain me/him/her, etc.'. * explain后不能直接跟人称代词，要用explain sth to sb◆Can you explain the situation to me?能给我说明一下情况吗？◆Can you explain me the situation?   see also explanatory ⇨ descriptive ▸ explanation [countable] ◆For a full explanation of how the machine works, turn to page 5.关于机器工作原理的详细说明，请见第5页。■ illustrate [transitive] to make the meaning of sth clearer by using examples, pictures, diagrams, etc. （用事例、图片、图表等）说明，解释◆To illustrate my point, let me tell you a little story.为了说明我的观点，我来给你们讲个小故事。◆Last year's sales figures are illustrated in Figure 2.图2显示了去年的销售数字。  see also illustrate ⇨ show 1 , illustration ⇨ diagram , illustration ⇨ example 1 , illustrative ⇨ descriptive ■ define [transitive] to say or explain what the meaning of a word or phrase is 解释（词语）含义；给（词语）下定义◆The term 'mental illness' is difficult to define.“精神病”这个词很难下定义。◆Life imprisonment is defined as 60 years under state law.按照州法律终身监禁定义为60年。  see also definition ⇨ definition ■ clarify ˈklærəfaɪ [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth clearer or easier for sb to understand 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清◆Let me clarify my position on this matter.我来澄清一下我在这件事情上的立场。◆There are one or two issues that need to be clarified.有一两个问题需要再说明一下。◆I hope I managed to clarify things a little.希望我已经把事情解释得清楚些了。▸ clarification

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆I am seeking clarification of the regulations.我正努力弄清这些规则。■ shed ˈlight on sth■ throw ˈlight on sth■ cast ˈlight on sth

idiom

(shedding, shed, shed; cast, cast; threw, thrown)to make sth easier to understand by explaining parts of it （部分地）解释清楚，阐明◆Recent research has thrown some new light on the causes of the disease.最新的研究进一步解释了这种病的病因。◆The report casts no light on (= does not explain) why some children are still failing to achieve at school.这个报告没有解释为什么一些儿童仍然不能在学业上取得进步。ⓘ A person, sth they say or write, or a new discovery can shed/cast/throw light on sth. * shed/cast/throw light on sth的主语可以是人、言论或文章，或是新的研究发现。■ ˌspell sth ˈout

phrasal verb

to explain sth in a very clear, simple way （用浅显的方式）解释明白，讲清楚◆You know what I mean－ I'm sure I don't need to spell it out.你明白我的意思－肯定不需要解释了。■ interpret [transitive] to explain the meaning of sth such as a text or work of art, especially when it is possible to understand or explain it in several different ways 诠释，解读（文本、艺术品等，尤指诠释方式不只一种）◆The students were asked to interpret the poem.学生被要求诠释那首诗。  see also interpretation ⇨ definition , interpretative ⇨ descriptive ■ expound [transitive, intransitive] (formal) to explain sth by talking about it in detail 详解；详述；阐述◆She expounded her theory further in the course of her talk.她在发言中进一步详述了她的理论。◆He was there to expound on the government's latest policy initiative.他去那儿的目的是阐述政府政策的最新方案。explain2

verb

 explain how sth works 解释⋯的工作原理explain your behaviour 说明你这样做的原因explain ♦︎ justify ♦︎ account for sth ♦︎ defend ♦︎ stand up for sb/sth ♦︎ stick up for sb/sthThese words all mean to support sb/sth that is being criticized or attacked or to give an explanation for sth. 这些词均表示辩解、解释。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to explain / justify / account for / defend sth to sb◆to explain / justify / account for what / why / how...◆to explain / justify / defend / stand up for / stick up for yourself◆to explain / justify / account for / defend a decision◆to explain / justify / account for / defend your / sb's behaviour◆to defend / stand up for / stick up for sb's rights■ explain [intransitive, transitive] to give a reason for sth; to be a reason for sth 说明原因；解释⋯的理由◆She tried to explain but he wouldn't listen.她试图说明原因，可他根本不听。◆Ed explained that his car had broken down.埃德解释说他的车抛锚了。◆The government now has to explain its decision to the public.政府现在必须向公众解释为什么决定这样做。◆Well, that doesn't explain why you didn't call me.嗳，那可不是你不给我打电话的理由。◆ (spoken) Oh well then, that explains it (= I understand now why sth happened).噢，原来这么回事。   see also explanation ⇨ reason ■ justify [transitive] to show that sb/sth is right or reasonable; to give an explanation or excuse for sth or for doing sth, especially sth that other people think is wrong or unreasonable 证明⋯正确（或正当、有理）；对⋯作出解释；为⋯辩解◆How can they justify paying such huge salaries?他们怎么证明支付如此高昂的薪金是正当的呢？◆Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her.她的成功证明了老师对她的期许是正确的。◆You don't need to justify yourself to me.你不必向我解释你的理由。  see also justification ⇨ reason , unjustified ⇨ unjustified ■ acˈcount for sth

phrasal verb

 (rather formal) to be the explanation or cause of sth; to give an explanation of sth 是⋯的说明（或原因）；解释；说明◆The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd.天气不好可能是人少的原因。◆How do you account for the show's success?你认为这次演出为何成功？■ defend [transitive] to say or write sth in support of sb/sth that has been criticized, or to give an explanation for sth 辩解；辩白；解释◆Politicians are skilled at defending themselves against their critics.从政者都善于为自己辩解，反驳别人的批评。◆How can you defend such behaviour?你怎么为这种行为辩解呢？  see also defence ⇨ security ■ ˌstand ˈup for sb/sth

phrasal verb

(stood, stood) [no passive] to strongly support or defend sb/sth that has been criticized 支持；维护；捍卫◆Always stand up for your friends.任何时候都要支持自己的朋友。◆You must stand up for your rights.你必须维护自己的权利。◆She had learnt to stand up for herself.她学会了自我保护。■ ˌstick ˈup for sb/sth

phrasal verb

 [no passive] (rather informal) to support or defend sb/sth that has been criticized 支持；维护；捍卫◆Stick up for what you believe.要捍卫自己的信念。◆She taught her children to stick up for themselves at school.她教育子女在学校要勇于自卫。ⓘ Stick up for sb/sth is used especially to talk about sb defending another person or themselves when no one else will. * stick up for sb/sth尤指在没有外援的情况下保护自己或他人。

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