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BNC: 1149 COCA: 986
shouldernounuk/ˈʃəʊl.dər/ us/ˈʃoʊl.dɚ/

shoulder noun BODY PART

B1 [ C ] one of the two parts of the body at each side of the neck that join the arms to the rest of the body肩，肩膀，肩部

I rested my head on her shoulder.我把头靠在她的肩上。
Then she put her arm around my shoulder and gave me a kiss.接着她用胳膊搂住我的肩，给了我一个吻。
She glanced nervously over her shoulder to make sure no one else was listening.她不安地回头扫了一眼，以确认没有人在听。
shoulders [ plural ]

the top part of a person's back双肩；上背部

He was about six feet tall with broad shoulders.他大约6英尺高，双肩宽阔。
"I don't know what to do about it," said Martha, shrugging her shoulders.“我不知道该如何处理这件事，”玛莎耸耸肩说道。

the parts of a piece of clothing that cover the wearer's shoulders（衣服的）肩部

The shoulders look a little tight. Do you want to try a larger size?肩部看上去有点儿紧。你想试试尺寸大些的吗？
a jacket with padded shoulders有垫肩的夹克

[ C ] the part of a bottle that curves out below its opening瓶肩（瓶颈下面扩大的部分）

More examples

He gave me a friendly clap on the shoulder and said, "Well done!"

The bullet went clean through his shoulder.

She cried out in pain as the bullet grazed her shoulder.

She gave him a playful cuff on the shoulder.

This exercise is designed to develop the shoulder and back muscles.

shoulder noun RESPONSIBILITY

sb's shoulders

used to refer to the responsibility that someone has or feels for something（责任在）…的肩上，…承担

A huge burden was lifted from my shoulders (= I became much less worried) when I told my parents about my problem.我把自己的问题告诉父母后，感到如释重负。
Responsibility for the dispute rests squarely on the shoulders of the president.调解争端的责任完全落在了总统的肩上。

shoulder noun MEAT

[ C or U ] a piece of meat that includes the upper part of an animal's front leg（动物身上包括前腿上半部的）肩肘肉，前腿肉

I've bought a shoulder of lamb for Sunday lunch.我买了块羊肩肘肉，用来做星期天的午餐。

shoulder noun ROAD SIDE

[ C usually singular ] US an area along the side of a main road where cars can stop路肩，（大路两侧的）紧急停车道

There were tire tracks left in the soft shoulder (= area of dirt or grass by the road).在软路肩上有轮胎印子。
See also
hard shoulder

Idiom(s)

a shoulder to cry on
shoulder to shoulder
stand shoulder to shoulder with sb
shoulderverbuk/ˈʃəʊl.dər/ us/ˈʃoʊl.dɚ/

shoulder verb ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY

shoulder the blame, burden, responsibility, cost, etc.

to accept that you are responsible for something bad or difficult承受谴责／承受重负／承担职责／承担费用（等等）

It is women who mainly shoulder responsibility for the care of elderly and disabled relatives.承担照顾老人和残疾亲属责任的主要都是女人。
Teachers cannot be expected to shoulder all the blame for poor exam results.考试成绩不理想，责任不能全部归到老师身上。

shoulder verb BODY PART

[ T ] to put something on your shoulders to carry it用肩扛

Shouldering her pack, she strode off up the road.她背起背包，大步上路。

[ T + adv/prep ] to push something with one of your shoulders用肩推，用肩顶

She was carrying two suitcases and had to shoulder the door open.她手提着两个箱子，不得不用肩把门顶开。
He shouldered his way (= formed a way through by pushing with his shoulders) to the front of the crowd to get a better look.他用肩膀开路挤到人群前面，以便看得更清楚。

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