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TOEFL BNC: 4921 COCA: 5740
presumeverbuk/prɪˈzjuːm/ us/prɪˈzuːm/

presume verb BELIEVE

C1 [ T ] to believe something to be true because it is very likely, although you are not certain假定，推定，认定

[ + (that) ] I presume (that) they're not coming, since they haven't replied to the invitation.鉴于他们没有回复邀请，我认为他们不会来了。
[ + speech ] You are Dr Smith, I presume?我想你是史密斯博士吧？
"Are we walking to the hotel?" "I presume not/so."“我们走着去旅馆吗？”“我想不是／是的。”
[ + obj + adj ] The boat's captain is missing, presumed dead (= it is believed that he is dead).这条船的船长失踪了，估计是死了。
In British law, you are presumed innocent until you are proved guilty.按英国法律，在证明你有罪前，假定你是无辜的。
[ + obj + to infinitive ] The universe is presumed to contain many other planets with some form of life.据推测，宇宙中很多其他的行星上有某种形式的生命存在。

More examples

You were sniffing a lot - I presumed you had a cold.

She said it in a whisper so I presumed it wasn't common knowledge.

"Is he coming?" "I presume so."

Under the Bill of Rights, a person is presumed innocent until proved otherwise.

A person accused of a crime is presumed innocent until proven guilty.

presume verb BE RUDE

[ I ] to do something although you know that you do not have a right to do it冒昧（做），擅（做）；越权行事

[ + to infinitive ] I wouldn't presume to tell you how to do your job, but shouldn't this piece go there?我不想冒昧地教你该如何工作，但这个零件不是应该装在那里吗？
I don't wish to presume (= make a suggestion although I have no right to), but don't you think you should apologize to her?恕我冒昧，但你难道不觉得应该向她道歉吗？
He presumes on her good nature (= takes unfair advantage of it).他利用了她的善良本性。
TOEFL BNC: 4921 COCA: 5740
presume

verb

ADVERB | PHRASES ADVERB➤correctly正確地假設➤wrongly錯誤地假設◇I had presumed wrongly that Jenny would be there.我猜珍妮會在那兒，結果推斷錯誤。➤reasonably (especially BrE) 合理地假定▸➤automatically不假思索地假設PHRASES➤be presumed dead被推斷死亡◇Harrison disappeared and was presumed dead.哈里森失踪，人們斷定他已死亡。➤be presumed guilty, be presumed innocent被推定有罪／無罪◇They must be presumed innocent until proven guilty.直到被證明有罪之前，他們應被假定無罪。
TOEFL BNC: 4921 COCA: 5740
presume verb
⇨ dare (I wouldn't presume to tell you what to do.) ⇨ say 3 (missing, presumed dead) ⇨ suppose (I presume so.)
TOEFL BNC: 4921 COCA: 5740

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