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BNC: 1149 COCA: 986
shouldernounuk/ˈʃəʊl.dər/ us/ˈʃoʊl.dɚ/

shoulder noun BODY PART

B1 [ C ] one of the two parts of the body at each side of the neck that join the arms to the rest of the body肩，肩膀，肩部

I rested my head on her shoulder.我把头靠在她的肩上。
Then she put her arm around my shoulder and gave me a kiss.接着她用胳膊搂住我的肩，给了我一个吻。
She glanced nervously over her shoulder to make sure no one else was listening.她不安地回头扫了一眼，以确认没有人在听。
shoulders [ plural ]

the top part of a person's back双肩；上背部

He was about six feet tall with broad shoulders.他大约6英尺高，双肩宽阔。
"I don't know what to do about it," said Martha, shrugging her shoulders.“我不知道该如何处理这件事，”玛莎耸耸肩说道。

the parts of a piece of clothing that cover the wearer's shoulders（衣服的）肩部

The shoulders look a little tight. Do you want to try a larger size?肩部看上去有点儿紧。你想试试尺寸大些的吗？
a jacket with padded shoulders有垫肩的夹克

[ C ] the part of a bottle that curves out below its opening瓶肩（瓶颈下面扩大的部分）

More examples

He gave me a friendly clap on the shoulder and said, "Well done!"

The bullet went clean through his shoulder.

She cried out in pain as the bullet grazed her shoulder.

She gave him a playful cuff on the shoulder.

This exercise is designed to develop the shoulder and back muscles.

shoulder noun RESPONSIBILITY

sb's shoulders

used to refer to the responsibility that someone has or feels for something（责任在）…的肩上，…承担

A huge burden was lifted from my shoulders (= I became much less worried) when I told my parents about my problem.我把自己的问题告诉父母后，感到如释重负。
Responsibility for the dispute rests squarely on the shoulders of the president.调解争端的责任完全落在了总统的肩上。

shoulder noun MEAT

[ C or U ] a piece of meat that includes the upper part of an animal's front leg（动物身上包括前腿上半部的）肩肘肉，前腿肉

I've bought a shoulder of lamb for Sunday lunch.我买了块羊肩肘肉，用来做星期天的午餐。

shoulder noun ROAD SIDE

[ C usually singular ] US an area along the side of a main road where cars can stop路肩，（大路两侧的）紧急停车道

There were tire tracks left in the soft shoulder (= area of dirt or grass by the road).在软路肩上有轮胎印子。
See also
hard shoulder

Idiom(s)

a shoulder to cry on
shoulder to shoulder
stand shoulder to shoulder with sb
shoulderverbuk/ˈʃəʊl.dər/ us/ˈʃoʊl.dɚ/

shoulder verb ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY

shoulder the blame, burden, responsibility, cost, etc.

to accept that you are responsible for something bad or difficult承受谴责／承受重负／承担职责／承担费用（等等）

It is women who mainly shoulder responsibility for the care of elderly and disabled relatives.承担照顾老人和残疾亲属责任的主要都是女人。
Teachers cannot be expected to shoulder all the blame for poor exam results.考试成绩不理想，责任不能全部归到老师身上。

shoulder verb BODY PART

[ T ] to put something on your shoulders to carry it用肩扛

Shouldering her pack, she strode off up the road.她背起背包，大步上路。

[ T + adv/prep ] to push something with one of your shoulders用肩推，用肩顶

She was carrying two suitcases and had to shoulder the door open.她手提着两个箱子，不得不用肩把门顶开。
He shouldered his way (= formed a way through by pushing with his shoulders) to the front of the crowd to get a better look.他用肩膀开路挤到人群前面，以便看得更清楚。
BNC: 1149 COCA: 986
shoulder

noun¹

 1part of the body身體部位ADJECTIVE | SHOULDER + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤dislocated, fractured, frozen, injured, sore, wounded脫臼的肩膀；骨折的肩膀；冷凍肩；受傷的肩膀；痠痛的肩膀◇His frozen shoulder has stopped him from playing tennis.冷凍肩使他沒法打網球了。SHOULDER + NOUN➤injury肩傷▸➤blade, bones, joint, muscle, socket肩胛骨；肩部骨骼；肩關節；肩部肌肉；肩窩◇The bullet hit him squarely between the shoulder blades.子彈恰好打在他的肩胛骨之間。➤height, level齊肩高▸➤harness, sling, strap安全肩帶；肩帶；背帶➤pad墊肩➤bag挎包PREPOSITION➤over your shoulder在肩膀上◇He slung the sack over his shoulder and set off.他把粗布袋子往肩上一甩就出發了。PHRASES➤a pat on the shoulder拍拍肩膀◇He gave me a reassuring pat on the shoulder.他拍了拍我的肩膀讓我放心。➤shoulder to shoulder肩並肩◇The route of the procession was lined with police officers standing shoulder to shoulder.遊行所經道路兩邊都是肩並肩站立的警察。➤tap sb on the shoulder拍某人的肩◇I tapped the man on the shoulder and asked him to move.我拍了拍那人的肩膀，讓他挪一下。
shoulder

noun²

 2shoulders the part between the two shoulders上背部ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHOULDERS | SHOULDERS + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤broad, huge, muscled, muscular, powerful, strong, wide寬闊的肩膀；肌肉發達的肩膀；有力的肩膀；強壯的肩膀▸➤delicate, slim纖弱的／纖細的肩膀▸➤narrow, thin窄窄的／瘦弱的肩膀▸➤square寬而挺的肩膀▸➤round圓潤的肩膀▸➤bony瘦削的肩膀▸➤bowed駝背▸➤bare裸露的肩膀▸➤tense, tight緊繃的肩膀VERB + SHOULDERS➤shrug聳肩◇When I asked him why he'd done it he just shrugged his shoulders.我問他為什麼這麼做，他只聳了聳肩。➤hunch聳起肩膀◇He hunched his shoulders against the cold wind.他聳起肩膀抵禦寒風。➤drop, relax放下／放鬆肩膀◇Inhale, drop your shoulders and raise your chest.吸氣，肩膀放鬆，挺胸。➤roll, rotate扭動／轉動肩膀◇Roll your shoulders forward and take a deep breath.肩膀朝前轉動，深呼吸。➤square, straighten挺直肩膀◇In an aggressive situation, we stand tall and square our shoulders.進攻的時候，要站直身子，挺直肩膀。SHOULDERS + VERB➤be bent, be bowed, be stooped肩膀弓起◇She was crouched with her head forward and her shoulders bent.她低頭弓背蹲着。➤droop, drop, sag, slump肩部鬆垂◇My shoulders dropped with relief.我鬆了口氣，繃緊的肩膀也放鬆下來。➤lift, shrug肩膀聳起◇Her shoulders lifted in a vague shrug.她微微聳了聳肩。➤heave, shake, twitch肩膀抖動／晃動／抽動◇His broad shoulders heaved with sobs.他寬闊的肩膀因啜泣而上下起伏。➤stiffen, tense, tighten肩部僵硬起來；肩部繃緊▸➤relax肩部放鬆PREPOSITION➤on sb's shoulders在某人肩上◇The child sat on her father's shoulders to watch the parade go by.孩子騎在她爸爸肩上觀看遊行隊伍經過。
shoulder

verb¹

 1accept the responsibility for sth接受責任VERB + SHOULDER➤have to, must不得不／必須承擔◇She had to shoulder the burden of childcare.她不得不擔負起撫養孩子的重擔。➤be willing to願意承擔▸➤be unwilling to不願意承擔◇He was unwilling to shoulder this responsibility alone.他不願意獨自擔負這個責任。
shoulder

verb²

 2push sb/sth with your shoulder用肩推ADVERB | PHRASES ADVERB➤roughly粗暴地用肩頂◇We were shouldered roughly out of the way.我們被人用肩粗暴地擠到了一邊。➤aside, out of the way用肩推擠到一邊➤open用肩推開◇He shouldered open the door.他用肩把門推開。➤past用肩擠過PHRASES➤shoulder your way past sb/sth, shoulder your way through sth用肩膀擠着經過⋯／穿過⋯◇She shouldered her way through the crowd.她用肩膀擠着穿過人群。
BNC: 1149 COCA: 986
shoulder verb
⇨ push 2 (shoulder sb aside) ⇨ take 7 (shoulder a burden)
BNC: 1149 COCA: 986

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