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BNC: 205 COCA: 173
start verb
⇨ start (When does the class start?) ⇨ begin (start work) ⇨ set off (start out from Saigon) ⇨ turn sth on (Start the engines!)start noun
⇨ start (make a start) ⇨ opportunity (a start in life) start

noun

start ♦︎ beginning ♦︎ opening ♦︎ outset ♦︎ onset ♦︎ birth ♦︎ dawn ♦︎ kick-offThese are all words for the first part or early stages of sth. 这些词均表示开端、开头部分或初期阶段。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the start / opening to sth◆at the start / beginning / opening / outset / onset / birth / dawn (of sth)◆from the (very) start / beginning / outset◆a new start / beginning / opening / birth / dawn◆a slow start / beginning / onset◆a / an early / late start / onset / kick-off◆a delayed start / opening / onset◆a promising start / beginning / opening◆to mark the start / beginning / opening / onset / birth / dawn (of sth)◆to herald the start / beginning / opening / onset / dawn (of sth)◆to see the start / beginning / opening / birth / dawn (of sth)◆to delay the start / opening / onset / kick-off (of sth)■ start [countable, usually singular] the point at which sth begins; the act or process of beginning sth 开头；开端；开始◆What a perfect start to the day!这一天的开始多完美呀！◆If we don't hurry, we'll miss the start of the game.要是不快走，我们就看不上比赛的开头了。◆We've had problems (right) from the start.我们从一开始就遇到了困难。◆The meeting got off to a good / bad start (= started well / badly).会议有了一个良好／糟糕的开端。◆The trip was a disaster from start to finish.那次旅行从头到尾都糟糕透顶。◆I'll paint the ceiling if you make a start on the walls.你要是动手刷墙，我就刷天花板吧。◆She's moving abroad to make a fresh start (= to begin a new life).她要移居国外，开始新的生活。OPP finish ⇨ end noun   see also start ⇨ begin verb , start ⇨ opportunity noun ■ beginning [countable, usually singular] the first part or early stages of sth; the point at which sth begins 开头部分；初期阶段；开端；开头◆We're going to Japan at the beginning of July.我们7月初要去日本。◆We missed the beginning of the movie.我们错过了电影的开头部分。◆Let's start again from the beginning.让我们再从头开始吧。◆I've read the whole book from beginning to end.我把这本书从头到尾读了一遍。ⓘ At the beginning (of) is used for the time and place when sth begins. In the beginning means 'at first', and suggests a contrast with a later situation. * at the beginning (of)用于表示某事开始的时间和起点。in the beginning表示起初、起先，与后来相对。 OPP end , ending ⇨ end noun   see also begin ⇨ begin verb NOTE 辨析 Start or beginning?Although these words have almost the same meaning, they tend to be used in slightly different ways. An event, such as a game or meeting usually has a start; a story, book or movie usually has a beginning. In these cases, the start is usually shorter than the beginning. 虽然这两个词含义几乎相同，它们的使用方式却稍有不同。start通常表示game、meeting等活动的开始；beginning通常表示story、book或movie的开始。在这些情况下，start所持续的时间通常比beginning短◆We'll miss the start of the game (= the moment when it starts; the kick-off).我们将会错过比赛的开始部分。◆We missed the beginning of the movie (= the first few scenes).我们错过了电影的开头部分。Note that you say from start to finish and from beginning to end and not◆from start to end or ◆from beginning to finish You usually say at the beginning of a particular month, season or decade. 注意，要说from start to finish和from beginning to end，不说from start to end或from beginning to finish。表示特定月份、季节或十年期的开始，通常用at the beginning of◆at the start of July/summer/the 90s With other periods of time you can use either word, although beginning is usually more frequent. 对于其他时间段，则两词都可使用，尽管beginning通常更常用◆the beginning / start of the day / week / year / century / a new era一天／一周／一年／世纪／新时代的开始Only start can mean 'the act or process of beginning sth'. 只有start可表示开始做某事◆I want to make an early beginning. ■ opening [countable, usually singular] (especially written) the first part or early stages of sth such as a play, book, film, game or other event （戏剧、书、电影或比赛等的）开始，开头部分◆The movie has an exciting opening.该影片的开头很刺激。◆The New Zealanders quickly lost control after a promising opening.新西兰人队在取得一个很不错的开局后很快便对比赛失去了控制。 OPP ending ⇨ end noun   see also open ⇨ begin verb , opening ⇨ first det. adj. ■ outset ˈaʊtset [singular] (only used in the phrase at/from the outset 只用于短语at/from the outset) (rather formal) the beginning of sth 开始◆I made it clear right from the outset that I disapproved.从一开始我就明确表示我不赞成。■ onset ˈɒnset; NAmE ˈɑːnset, ˈɔːnset [singular] (especially written) the beginning of sth, especially sth unpleasant （尤指不愉快的事的）开端，发生，肇始◆An active and healthy lifestyle can delay the onset of disease in later life.积极和健康的生活方式能够推迟晚年疾病的发作。ⓘ Onset is often used to talk about the early stages of illness or some other physical experience. * onset常指疾病或其他一些身体情况的开端◆the onset of illness / infection / disease / depression / AIDS / symptoms / shock / menstruation / puberty疾病／感染／疾病／抑郁症／艾滋病／症状／休克的发作；月经来潮；青春期的到来Other typical collocations relate to the weather. 该词的其他常用搭配词与天气有关◆the onset of winter / cold weather冬天／寒冷天气的来临 ■ birth [singular] (especially written) the beginning of a new situation, idea or place 创始；开始；诞生◆This declaration marked the birth of a new society in South Africa.这份宣言标志着一个新社会在南非诞生了。■ dawn [singular] (literary) the beginning of a new situation, idea or place 开端；曙光；萌芽◆That's been going on since the dawn of civilization.那种现象自从有了文明就一直存在。◆Peace marked a new dawn in the country's history.和平使这个国家的历史翻开了新的一页。■ ˈkick-off [countable, uncountable] the start of a game of football （足球比赛的）开球，开始◆Kick-off is at 3.足球比赛3点开球。 start

verb

  ➡ See also the entry for begin 另见begin条start ♦︎ begin ♦︎ start off ♦︎ kick off ♦︎ commence ♦︎ openThese words are all used to talk about things happening from the beginning, or people doing the first part of sth. 这些词均表示开始发生、开始做。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to start / begin / start off / kick off / commence / open with sth◆to start / begin / start off / kick off / commence / open by doing sth◆to start / begin / start off / commence as sth◆a campaign / season / tour / competition / match / festival / meeting starts / begins / starts off / kicks off / commences / opens◆a film / book / chapter starts / begins / starts off / opens◆an enquiry / investigation starts / begins / commences / opens◆work / production starts / begins / starts off / kicks off / commences◆proceedings start / begin / kick off / commence / open◆a period starts / begins / commences / opens◆to have just started / begun / started off / kicked off / commenced / opened◆to start / begin / start off / kick off / commence / open immediately■ start [intransitive](of an event or thing) to happen or exist, when it was not happening or did not exist just before; to start in a particular way or from a particular point （事件或事物）发生，出现；（以某方式或从某事物）开始◆When does the class start?什么时候开始上课？◆There are a lot of small businesses starting up in that area.小型企业在那个地区大量涌现。◆She started as a secretary but ended up running the department.她以当秘书起步，最后成了那个部门的主管。◆The company started out with 30 employees.该公司创业时有30名员工。◆The evening started badly when the speaker failed to turn up.那天晚上一开始就很糟糕，因为演讲者没有到场。◆The trail starts just outside the town.那条小路是从刚出城的地方开始的。◆Hotel prices start at £65 a night for a double room.旅馆的双人房间从一宿65英镑起价。OPP finish ⇨ end verb   see also start ⇨ begin verb ■ begin (beginning, began, begun) [intransitive] to start to happen or exist; to start in a particular way or from a particular point; to start speaking 开始发生（或出现）；（以某方式或从某事物）开始；开始讲话◆When does the concert begin?音乐会什么时候开始？◆The evening began well.晚会开始得很顺利。◆Use 'an' before words beginning with a vowel.在以元音开始的单词前要用an。◆'Ladies and gentlemen,' he began, 'welcome to the Town Hall.'“女士们、先生们，”他开始发言说，“欢迎光临市政厅。”OPP end ⇨ end verb   see also begin ⇨ begin verb NOTE 辨析 Start or begin?There is not much difference in meaning between these words. Start is more frequent in spoken English and in business contexts; begin is more frequent in written English and is often used when you are describing a series of events. 这两个词含义差别不大。start较多用于口语和商务语境；begin较多用于书面语，常用于描述一系列事件◆The story begins on the island of Corfu.这个故事从科孚岛上开始。 Start is not used to mean 'begin speaking'. * start不表示开始讲话◆'Ladies and gentlemen,' he started. ■ ˌstart ˈoff

phrasal verb

 (rather informal) to start happening or doing sth; to start by doing or being sth 进行（或开展）起来；首先进行；一开始是◆The discussion started off mildly enough.讨论颇为温和地开始了。◆The leaves start off green but turn red later.树叶起先是绿色，但之后会变红。◆I started off working quite hard, but it didn't last.我一开始非常勤奋，但没有坚持下去。OPP finish up ⓘ In British English, to finish up... is to be in a particular state or at a particular place after a series of events. 在英式英语中，finish up ...表示在一系列事件之后“结果成为⋯”或“最终来到⋯”◆ (BrE) If you're not careful, you could finish up seriously ill.你要是不小心，到头来可能会得一场大病。 ■ ˌkick ˈoff

phrasal verb

 (informal) to start an event or activity, especially in a particular way; (of an event, activity, film or book) to start, especially in a particular way 开始（活动）；（事件、活动、电影或书）开始，以⋯开头◆Tom will kick off with a few comments.汤姆讲话时要先发表几点意见。◆The festival kicks off on Monday, September 13.节期从9月13日星期一开始。 OPP wind up ⇨ end verb ■ commence kəˈmens [intransitive] (formal) to start happening 开始发生◆The meeting is scheduled to commence at noon.会议定于午间召开。◆I will be on leave during the week commencing 15 February.我将于2月15日开始休假一周。  see also commence ⇨ begin ■ open [intransitive] to start an event or activity in a particular way; (of an event, film or book) to start, especially in a particular way 以⋯开始（活动）；（事件、电影或书）开始，以⋯开头◆He opened with a version of Elvis's 'Can't Help Falling in Love.'他以埃尔维斯《情不自禁爱上你》的一个版本开始了。◆The story opens with a murder.这个故事以一宗谋杀案开篇。ⓘ Open is a less informal way of saying kick off; however, it is not usually used to talk about the time that people begin a shorter or more informal activity. * open是kick off的一种较正式的说法，但当表示活动于某个时间开始时，若活动时间较短或较不正式，通常不用open◆What time do we kick off?我们什么时候开始？◆What time do we open? You can use it for the dates and times of longer or more formal events. 若活动时间较长或较为正式，则可用open来表示何时举行◆The Annual General Meeting opens at 1pm on March 15th.年度全体会议于3月15日下午1时开始。 OPP close ⇨ end verb   see also open ⇨ begin verb

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