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BNC: 4686 COCA: 3862
punish

verb

punish ♦︎ sentence ♦︎ penalize ♦︎ discipline ♦︎ come down on sbThese words all mean to make sb suffer because they have broken a rule or law or done sth wrong. 这些词均表示惩罚、处罚。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to punish / sentence / penalize / discipline / come down on sb for doing sth◆to punish / penalize / discipline sb by sth◆to punish / sentence / penalize / come down on an offender◆to punish / discipline a child◆to punish / penalize (bad, unacceptable, etc.) behaviour◆to punish / penalize / come down on sb heavily◆to punish / penalize sb unfairly■ punish [transitive] to make sb suffer because they have broken a rule or law, or done sth wrong; to set the punishment for a particular crime 惩罚；处罚；判定⋯的处罚方式◆He was punished for refusing to answer their questions.他拒不回答他们的问题，受到了惩罚。◆My parents used to punish me by not letting me watch TV.过去我父母常以不让我看电视来处罚我。◆In those days murder was always punished with the death penalty.那个时候，谋杀罪总是判死刑。■ sentence [transitive, often passive] to say officially in court that sb is to receive a particular punishment 判决；宣判；判刑◆to be sentenced to death / life imprisonment / three years in prison被判死刑／终生监禁／三年徒刑■ penalize (BrE also penalise) ˈpiːnəlaɪz [transitive, often passive] to punish sb for breaking a rule or law by making them suffer a disadvantage, such as paying a fine or losing marks in an exam; to punish sb for breaking a rule in a sport or game by giving an advantage to their opponent 处罚，惩罚（如罚款、考试扣分）；（体育运动中）判罚◆You will be penalized for poor spelling.拼写不好将被扣分。◆The goalkeeper was penalized for time-wasting.守门员因拖延时间而受罚。ⓘ If sb is unfairly penalized, they suffer a disadvantage because of sth they cannot control. The word penalize is often used to describe an unfair disadvantage. * be unfairly penalized指因某些事情不可掌控而处于不利。penalize一词常用于描述因不公而使处于劣势◆Will he be penalized for absence due to ill health?他因身体欠佳缺席会受罚吗？ ■ discipline ˈdɪsəplɪn [transitive] (rather formal) to punish sb for sth they have done 惩罚；处罚◆The officers were disciplined for using racist language.这些警察因使用带有种族歧视的语言受到处罚。ⓘ A person can be disciplined by sb who has authority over them, for example, a child by a parent or teacher, a worker by an employer, or a soldier by an officer. * be disciplined可指受到上级或长辈的处罚，如孩子被家长或教师处罚、工人被雇主处罚，或士兵被军官处罚等。   see also discipline ⇨ control noun ■ ˌcome ˈdown on sb

phrasal verb

(came, come) [no passive] (informal) to punish sb or severely criticize them for sth they have done wrong 斥责；训斥；惩罚◆Don't come down too hard on her.责备她不要太严厉。◆The courts are coming down heavily on young offenders.法庭对年轻罪犯实行严惩。

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