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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 340 COCA: 502
actionnounuk/ˈæk.ʃən/ us/ˈæk.ʃən/

action noun DOING SOMETHING

B2 [ U ] the process of doing something, especially when dealing with a problem or difficulty（尤指应对问题或困难的）行动；行动过程；行为

This problem calls for swift/prompt action from the government.这一问题需要政府马上采取行动。
[ + to infinitive ] Action to prevent the spread of the disease is high on the government's agenda.采取行动防止疾病蔓延是政府的当务之急。
We must take action (= do something) to deal with the problem before it spreads to other areas.在这一问题蔓延到其他地区之前我们一定要采取行动将其解决。
So what's the plan of action? (= What are we going to do?)那么行动计划是什么？
The complaints system swings into action (= starts to work) as soon as a claim is made.一旦有人提出索赔，马上启动投诉处理系统。
The committee was spurred into action (= encouraged to do something) by the threat of government cuts.政府威胁要削减经费，这促使委员会采取了行动。

More examples

The government is supporting military action.

The richer countries of the world must take action to help the poorer countries.

I hope these arguments have convinced you of the need for action.

The army are said to be ready for action.

It is clear that most women supported this action, from the results of the opinion poll.

action noun SOMETHING DONE

B2 [ C ] something that you do行为；作为；所做之事

She has to accept the consequences of her actions.她必须对自己行为的后果负责。
I asked him to explain his actions.我要求他为自己的所作所为作出解释。

C2 [ C ] a physical movement（身体的）动作

I'll say the words and you can mime the actions.我会说出这些词，你可以做动作把它们的意思表达出来。
It only needs a small wrist action (= movement of the wrist) to start the process.只需动一动手腕，程序就启动了。

More examples

She wrote an angry letter to the paper complaining about the council's action.

The four soldiers received medals for their brave actions.

The defendant was depressed and therefore not fully responsible for her own actions.

We will not allow the violent actions of terrorists to change our way of life.

I'm sorry I punched him, it was a reflex action.

action noun ACTIVITY

B1 [ U ] things that are happening, especially exciting or important things发生的事情；（尤指）令人激动的事或大事

I like movies with a lot of action.我喜欢情节紧凑的影片。
In her last novel, the action (= the main events) moves between Greece and southern Spain.在她最近发表的那本小说里，故事情节在希腊和西班牙南部交替展开。
where the action is

at the place where something important or interesting is happening大事（或趣事）发生的地方

A journalist has to be where the action is.记者必须要身临事件的现场。

More examples

I like a lowbrow action movie once in a while.

Her latest film is the staple offering of action and comedy which we have come to expect.

It's a typical action film with plenty of spectacular stunts.

At various points in the play, the action tips over from comedy into farce.

He landed a part in a multi-million pound action thriller and made the Hollywood A list.

action noun EFFECT

[ S ] the effect something has on another thing（一物对另一物所起的）作用

They recorded the action of the drug on the nervous system.他们记录下了这种药物对神经系统的作用。

More examples

Accumulations of sand can be formed by the action of waves on coastal beaches.

The action of market forces means that the cost of something rises if demand for it rises and the amount available remains constant.

His many years of research made him an expert on the action of snake venom.

The distinctive landscape has been formed by the action of running water on the limestone.

The project will study the action of various drugs on the human body.

action noun WAR

C2 [ U ] fighting in a war战斗；作战

Her younger son was killed in action.她的小儿子在战斗中阵亡。
He was reported missing in action.报告称他在战斗中失踪了。
He saw action (= fought as a soldier) in the trenches.他参加了堑壕战。

action noun WAY THING WORKS

C2 [ U or C ] the way something moves or works运作；功能

We studied the action of the digestive system.我们研究了消化系统的机能。
The car has a very smooth braking action.这辆轿车刹车性能很平稳。

action noun LEGAL PROCESS

C1 [ C or U ] specialized law a legal process that is decided in a law court诉讼；起诉

a libel action诽谤诉讼
She brought an action (for negligence) against the hospital.她起诉医院（玩忽职守）。
A criminal action was brought against him.他被提起刑事诉讼。
The book was halted in South Africa by a threat of legal action.因为遭到起诉的威胁，该书在南非停止发行。

Idiom(s)

actions speak louder than words
out of action
a man of action
a piece/slice of the action
actionverb [ T usually passive ]uk/ˈæk.ʃən/ us/ˈæk.ʃən/

to do something to deal with a particular problem or matter对…采取行动；就…采取措施

I'll just run through the minutes of the last meeting, raising those points that still have to be actioned.下面我将扼要重述一下上次会议的记录，把亟待处理的问题提出来。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 340 COCA: 502
action

noun¹

 1process of doing sth做事的過程ADJECTIVE | VERB + ACTION | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤decisive, effective, firm, strong, vigorous堅決的／有效的／果斷的／強硬的／有力的行動◇He urged the government to take decisive action against music piracy.他敦促政府採取果斷措施打擊音樂盜版。➤aggressive, violent侵略／暴力行動▸➤immediate, prompt, swift, urgent即時的行動；飛速行動；快速行動；緊急行動➤appropriate恰當的行動◇Unless appropriate action is taken, our sales will decline.如果不採取恰當的行動，我們的銷售額就會下降。➤drastic, emergency斷然的行動；應急行動◇The situation calls for drastic action.這種情況需要採取斷然行動。➤collective, concerted, joint, united (especially BrE) 集體行動；一致的行動；聯合行動；統一行動▸➤direct, positive, unilateral直接的／積極的／單方面的行動▸➤corrective, evasive, remedial糾偏／迴避／補救行動➤pre-emptive, preventative, preventive先發制人的行動；預防性的行動▸➤disciplinary, legal, military, strike懲戒性／合法／軍事／罷工行動◇Disciplinary action will be taken against students who cheat.對作弊的學生將予以懲戒。 (see also industrial action) ➤congressional, government, governmental, legislative, political, state (especially NAmE) 國會的行動；政府行動；立法行動；政治行動；州採取的行動➤affirmative (especially NAmE) （支持或鼓勵聘用女性、少數族裔等受歧視者的）扶持行動◇Affirmative action was most successful in creating opportunities for college-educated women.在為受過高等教育的女性創造就業機會方面，扶持行動非常成功。VERB + ACTION➤take採取行動◇We'll take whatever action is necessary.我們將採取任何必要措施。➤call for號召行動；呼籲行動▸➤agree on同意採取行動◇The leaders have agreed on joint action to combat terrorism.各位領導人已同意採取聯合行動打擊恐怖主義。➤leap into, spring into, swing into迅速採取行動◇The emergency services swung into action as soon as the disaster was reported.災難一經報道，應急服務機構迅速採取了行動。➤carry out, perform採取行動；做事◇Only the priest can perform these actions.只有神父才能從事這些活動。➤galvanize sb into, prod sb into, spur sb into激勵／敦促／鞭策某人採取行動◇We have to galvanize people into action.我們得激勵人們行動起來。➤bring sth into, put sth into把⋯付諸實施◇We need to put these ideas into action.我們需要將這些想法付諸實施。➤keep sb/sth out of, put sb/sth out of使⋯停止工作；使⋯不再起作用◇A fire has put the factory out of action.一場火災使工廠陷入癱瘓。PREPOSITION➤in action在運轉◇I have not yet seen the machines in action.我還沒有見過這些機器運轉。➤out of action不能工作◇He is out of action following an ankle injury.他腳踝受傷後就沒法工作了。➤action against針對⋯的行動◇action against drug dealers針對毒販的行動➤action on對⋯採取行動◇The government is taking strong action on refugees.政府正在對難民採取強硬措施。PHRASES➤actions speak louder than words (saying) 行動勝於語言▸➤a course of action行動方式◇Is this the best course of action to follow?這是可以採取的最好行動方式嗎？
action

noun²

 2legal case訴訟ADJECTIVE | VERB + ACTION | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤court法庭訴訟▸➤civil, criminal, libel, tort民事／刑事／誹謗／侵權訴訟▸➤class (NAmE) 集體訴訟VERB + ACTION➤bring, file, initiate, take提起訴訟；發起訴訟◇I considered taking legal action.我曾考慮提起法律訴訟。◇They took out a libel action against the newspaper's owners.他們對這家報紙的所有人發起了誹謗訴訟。◇Her husband brought a civil action against her after their divorce.離婚後她丈夫對她提起民事訴訟。PREPOSITION➤action against對⋯提出的訴訟
action

noun³

 3fighting戰鬥；作戰ADJECTIVE | VERB + ACTION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤combat, enemy戰鬥動作；敵方行動◇He was killed during enemy action.他在對敵作戰中陣亡了。➤terrorist恐怖主義行動➤covert秘密戰鬥◇paramilitary covert action teams working overseas在海外從事秘密戰鬥的準軍事化組織VERB + ACTION➤see經歷戰鬥◇I never saw action during the war.戰爭期間我從未參加過戰鬥。PHRASES➤killed in action, missing in action, wounded in action在戰鬥中陣亡／失踪／受傷◇He was reported missing in action.有報道說他在戰鬥中失踪了。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 340 COCA: 502
action noun
⇨ action (take responsibility for your actions) ⇨ activity (films with plenty of action) ⇨ case (a libel action) ⇨ effect (the action of sunlight on the skin) ⇨ war (killed in action) ⇨ take action ⇨ act verb ⇨ in action ⇨ active adj. ⇨ put sb/sth out of action ⇨ disable verb action

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for process 另见process条action ♦︎ measure ♦︎ step ♦︎ act ♦︎ move ♦︎ gesture ♦︎ deed ♦︎ stunt ♦︎ doingThese are all words for a thing that sb does. 这些词均表示行为、行动。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an action / a measure / a step / an act / a move / a gesture / a deed / a stunt by sb◆a step / move / gesture towards sth◆a heroic / brave / daring action / step / act / move / gesture / deed◆a kind / charitable / generous action / act / gesture / deed◆a / an evil / terrible act / deed◆to take actions / measures / steps◆to do an action / an act / a deed / a stunt◆to perform an action / an act / a deed / a stunt◆to make a step / move / gesture■ action [countable, uncountable] a thing that sb does; the process of doing sth in order to make sth happen or to deal with a situation 所做之事；行动；行为过程◆Her quick action saved the child's life.她行动迅速，救了小孩的命。◆Each of us must take responsibility for our own actions.我们每个人都必须对自己的行为负责。◆Only the priest can perform these actions.只有神父才能够做这些事。◆We shall take whatever actions are necessary.我们将采取任何必要的措施。◆Firefighters took action immediately to stop the blaze from spreading.消防员立即采取行动阻止火势蔓延。◆What is the best course of action in the circumstances?在这种情况下，最佳的应对方法是什么？◆She began to explain her plan of action to the group.她开始向小组成员讲解她的行动计划。■ measure [countable] an official action that is done in order to achieve a particular aim （官方的）措施，方法◆Special measures are being taken to protect the local water supplies.正采取特别措施保护当地供水。◆Tougher measures against racism are needed.需要对种族主义采取更强硬的措施。◆This is just a temporary measure, while the emergency exists.这仅仅是在紧急情况下采取的临时措施。◆The government introduced emergency measures to stave off an economic crisis.政府推行了紧急措施来暂时纾缓经济危机。■ step [countable] one of a series of things that you do in order to achieve sth 步骤；措施◆This was a first step towards a united Europe.这是向统一欧洲的目标迈进的第一步。◆We are taking steps to prevent pollution.我们正采取措施防止污染。◆This won't solve the problem but it's a step in the right direction.这虽不能解决问题，却是朝正确方向迈出的一步。◆The new drug is a major step forward in the treatment of the disease.研制出这种新药是治疗这一疾病的重大进展。■ act [countable] a thing that sb does 行为；行动◆an act of kindness / generosity / love / aggression / desperation善行；慷慨之举；爱的表示；挑衅；铤而走险◆You have committed a serious criminal act.你已经犯下严重罪行。◆The very act of writing out your plan clarifies what you need to do.将计划写下来，这样做能厘清你要做的事。◆He was caught in the act of stealing (= caught stealing).他偷窃时当场被抓。NOTE 辨析 Action or act?These two words have the same meaning but are used in different patterns. An act is usually followed by of and/or used with an adjective. Action is not usually used with of but is often used with his, her, etc. 这两个词意义相同，但用于不同的句型。act通常后接of，并常与形容词连用。action通常不与of连用，但常与his、her等词连用◆a heroic act of bravery英雄壮举◆a heroic action of bravery ◆his heroic actions / acts during the war他在战争中的英雄壮举 Action often combines with take but act does not. * action常与take搭配，act则不能◆We shall take whatever acts are necessary. ■ move [countable] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) an action that you do or need to do to achieve sth （为达目的而采取或需要采取的）行动◆This latest move by the government has aroused fierce opposition.政府最近采取的这一行动引起了强烈的反对。◆The management has made no move to settle the strike.资方还没有采取任何措施来解决罢工问题。◆If he wants to see me, he should make the first move.他要是想见我就得采取主动。◆Getting a job in marketing was a good career move.找份市场营销的工作是个不错的职业选择。■ gesture ˈdʒestʃə(r) [countable] a thing that you do or say to show a particular feeling or intention （表明感情或意图的）姿态，表示◆It was a nice gesture (= it was kind) to invite his wife too.把他妻子也请来是友好的表示。◆Words and empty gestures are not enough－we demand action!讲空话或摆姿态是不够的－我们需要的是行动！◆We do not accept responsibility but we will refund the money as a gesture of goodwill / a goodwill gesture.我们不承担责任，但愿意退款，以表善意。■ deed [countable] (formal or literary) a thing that sb does that is usually very good or very bad （善或恶的）行为，行动◆It's a stirring tale of heroic deeds.这是一则激动人心的英雄事迹。◆These were evil deeds perpetrated by wicked people.这些伤天害理的事都是坏人干的。◆ (rather informal, especially spoken) I took Sarah's children to school so I've done my good deed for the day.我送了萨拉的孩子去上学，所以今天已经做了善事。■ stunt [countable] a dangerous and difficult action that sb does to entertain people, especially as part of a film （尤指电影中的）特技表演◆He did all his own stunts in the movie.影片中所有的特技都是他自己完成的。◆a stunt pilot / rider / team特技飞行员／骑手／表演队◆a stuntman / stuntwoman男特技演员；女特技演员ⓘ Stunt is also used, sometimes in a disapproving way, for sth that is done in order to attract people's attention. * stunt有时含贬义，指意在引起注意的花招或噱头◆They jumped off London Bridge as a publicity stunt.他们跳伦敦桥作为宣传噱头。 ■ doing [countable, usually plural, uncountable] a thing done or caused by sb 所做的事；所作所为◆I've been hearing a lot about your doings recently.关于你的所作所为我最近听到很多。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 340 COCA: 502
action
The process of performing an action: action, execution, discharge...
Strikes and other union activity: action, blackleg, break a strike...
Court cases and legal processes: action, admit, advocacy...
General words for actions and activities: action, measure, doings...
General words for gestures and gesturing: action, body language, flourish...
Children's games: action, blind man's buff, catch...
The process or activity of moving: movement, transit, motion...
Chemical reactions and processes: action, adsorb, aerate...
Wars, battles and military manoeuvres: drawdown, overwatch, war...
Dangerous or exciting situations: danger, crisis, emergency...
Parts of films, stories and plays: act, action, ad-lib...

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