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IELTS BNC: 105 COCA: 108
backadverbuk/bæk/ us/bæk/

back adverb RETURN

B2 in, into, or towards a previous place or condition, or an earlier time在原处；回到原处；恢复原状；返回；回到以前

When you take the scissors, remember to put them back.剪刀用完后记着要放回去。
He left a note saying "Gone out. Back soon."他留了张便条，上面写着“出去一下，马上回来”。
She went to Brazil for two years, but now she's back (= has returned).她去巴西呆了两年，现在回来了。
He looked back (= looked behind him) and saw they were following him.他向后看了看，发现他们正跟着他。
Looking at her old photographs brought back (= made her remember) a lot of memories.看着以前的照片，她想起了许多往事。
I was woken by a thunderstorm, and I couldn't get back to sleep (= could not sleep again).我被雷雨惊醒后，再也无法入睡。
The last time we saw Lowell was back (= at an earlier time) in January.我们最后一次见到洛厄尔是早在1月的时候。
This tradition dates back to (= to the earlier time of) the 16th century.这个传统可追溯到16世纪。

A2 in return作为回报

If he hits me, I'll hit him back.如果他打我，我就要还手。
You're not just going to let her say those things about you without fighting back, are you?她那样说你，你不会就此算了吧？

A2 in reply作为回答

I'm busy at the moment - can I call you back?我现在很忙——我回头给你打过去好吗？
I wrote to Donna several months ago, but she hasn't written back yet.我几个月前给唐娜写过信，但她还没有回信。

More examples

After the trip, it was nice getting back to a few home comforts.

She thinks he'll come back, but she's deceiving herself.

That's enough, Peter. Give those toys back, please.

I think I locked the door but I'll go back and check just to make sure.

When I look back I can see where we went wrong.

Will you put the books back when you've finished with them?

back adverb FURTHER AWAY

B2 further away in distance向后；远离

If we push the table back against the wall, we'll have more room.如果把桌子往后推，靠着墙，就会腾出更多的空间。
"Keep back!" he shouted, "Don't come any closer!"“退后！”他大叫着，“不要再靠近了！”
He sat back on the sofa.他向后靠坐在沙发上。
She threw back her head and laughed uproariously.她仰起头，大笑不止。
The house is set back from the street.那座房子远离公路。

More examples

Please stand back - then all of you will be able to see what I'm doing.

The line of traffic stretched back several miles.

Could you stand back from these shelves and tell me if they're level?

Our house is set back from the road.

As the body was carried through the crowd, people drew back respectfully .

Idiom(s)

back and forth
back in the day
back to square one
backnoun [ C ]uk/bæk/ us/bæk/

back noun [ C ] FURTHEST PART

A2 the inside or outside part of an object, vehicle, building, etc. that is furthest from the front后面；后部；背面

He jotted her name down on the back of an envelope.他在信封背面匆匆记下了她的名字。
I found my tennis racket at the back of the cupboard.我在衣柜的最里边找到了我的网球拍。
We sat at the back of the bus.我们坐在公共汽车的后部。
Our seats were right at the back of the auditorium.我们的座位正好就在剧院的后排。
Ted was out/round the back (= in the area behind the house)."特德在屋后。
There is a beautiful garden at the back of (= behind) the house.房后有个漂亮的花园。
If there's no reply at the front door, come round the back.如果前门没人应答，就去后门。
He put his jacket on the back of his chair (= the part of the chair that you put your back against when you sit on it).他把夹克搭在椅背上。
back to back

close together and facing in opposite directions背靠背

The office was full of computers, and we had to sit back to back in long rows.办公室里摆满了电脑，我们只好背靠背坐着，排成长排。

happening one after another, without interruption一个接一个

Coming up after the break, three Rolling Stones classics back to back.短暂休息过后，接下来是3首滚石乐队经典歌曲连放。
See also
back-to-back
back to front UK US backwards

C2 with the back part of something where the front should be前后倒置

You've put your jumper on back to front.你的套头衫前后穿反了。
the back of your hand

the side of your hand that has hair growing on it手背

More examples

I always keep a tool set in the back of my car.

She lay on the grass and the stiff dry grass prickled the back of her legs.

The previous owner of the house had built an extension on the back.

I found her kneeling in prayer at the back of the church.

The keyboard plugs in at the back of the computer.

back noun [ C ] BODY PART

A2 the part of your body that is opposite to the front, from your shoulders to your bottom背部，后背

I have a bad back.我背疼。
Sleeping on a bed that is too soft can be bad for your back.睡太软的床会对背部有害。
He lay on his back, staring at the ceiling.他仰面躺着，眼睛盯着天花板。
I turned my back (= turned around so that I could not see) while she dressed.她穿衣服时我转过身去。
She put her back out (= caused a serious injury to her back) lifting a box.她搬箱子时背部严重扭伤。

More examples

The dog rolled over onto its back.

I pulled a muscle in my back lifting some drawers.

I go to sleep on my back but I always wake up in a different position.

Our dog has a black patch on his back.

I've got a pain in my lower back.

back noun [ C ] SPORT

(in some sports, such as football) one of the players in a team who try to stop players from the other team from scoring goals, rather than trying to score goals himself or herself（足球等运动的）后卫球员

Compare
forward noun

Idiom(s)

at/in the back of your mind
the back of beyond
in back of
be on sb's back
behind sb's back
sb could do sth with one arm/hand tied behind his/her back
get off sb's back
have (got) sb's back
have your back to/against the wall
on the back of sth
on the back of sb/sth
put/get sb's back up
backverbuk/bæk/ us/bæk/

back verb SUPPORT

C2 [ T ] to give support to someone or something with money or words支持；资助

The management has refused to back our proposals.管理层拒不支持我们的提议。

More examples

This theory needs to be backed up with solid empirical evidence.

The troops were backed by tanks, artillery, and other heavy armour.

It is hoped that all sides will back the peace plan.

A poll indicated that 77 percent of Americans backed the president's plan, with only 6 percent in opposition.

Although Paris backs the U.N. demands, it has made it clear it will not take part in any new military action.

back verb RISK MONEY

to risk money by saying that you think a horse, team, etc. will win a race, game, or competition in order to win more money if they do下赌注于

The horse I backed came in last.我投注的那匹马得了最后一名。

back verb MOVE AWAY

C2 [ I or T, + adv/prep ] to (cause to) move backwards（使）后退；使倒退

Ann gave up driving when she backed the car into the garage door.安倒车时撞上了车库大门，于是她从此再也不开车了。
Please could you back your car up a few feet so that I can get mine out of the driveway?请你把车往后倒几英尺让我把车开出车道，好吗？

back verb COVER

[ T ] to cover the back of something with a material, often to make it stronger or thicker给某物加背衬使其更加坚固或厚实

The material is backed with a heavy lining.这种料子的里衬很厚实。

Idiom(s)

back the wrong horse

Phrasal verb(s)

back away
back down
back off
back onto sth
back out
back sb up
back sth up
back (sth) up
back up
backadjective [ before noun ]uk/bæk/ us/bæk/

back adjective [ before noun ] POSITION

at or near the back of something后面的，后部的，背部的

She left the house by the back door.她从后门离开了那座房子。
The back seat of the car folds down.小汽车的后座可以折起来。

More examples

It says on the back cover of the book 'highly commended'.

She skidded off the road when her back wheels hit an icy patch.

They sat in the back row of the cinema kissing and cuddling.

Let's take our drinks out into the back garden.

Apparently one of her back teeth is very sore.

back adjective [ before noun ] PAID LATER

paid after the end of a period of time when it should have been paid延迟的，拖欠的

They owe the staff several thousand in back pay.他们拖欠了员工几千镑工资。
back rent/taxes预期未交的房租/税款

Idiom(s)

on the back burner
take a back seat
IELTS BNC: 105 COCA: 108
back

noun¹

 1part of the body身體部位ADJECTIVE | VERB + BACK | BACK + VERB | BACK + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤broad寬闊的後背▸➤slender苗條的腰身▸➤muscular, strong肌肉發達的／強健的背部▸➤bent彎曲的背部▸➤straight挺直的脊背▸➤lower, upper後腰；上背部➤bare光膀子◇The sun beat down on their bare backs.太陽火辣辣地照射在他們赤裸的背上。➤aching, bad, sore, stiff疼痛的／受傷的／痠痛的／僵直的後背◇He's in bed with a bad back.他後背疼痛卧病在牀。➤broken骨折的背部◇He spent six months recovering from a broken back.他背部骨折 6 個月才康復。VERB + BACK➤bend, hunch (especially NAmE) 彎腰；弓背◇He hunches his back when he walks.他走路時背弓着。➤straighten挺直腰板▸➤stretch伸展腰背◇He yawned and stretched his back as he got out of bed.他起牀時打着哈欠伸着懶腰。➤break, hurt, injure弄斷背；弄傷背部▸➤arch弓背◇The cat arched its back and hissed at the dog.貓弓起身子，衝着狗噝噝地叫。➤lean背靠◇He leaned his back against the bar.他背靠着吧台。➤support支起背部▸➤caress, massage, pat, rub, stroke (especially BrE) 輕撫／按摩／輕拍／搓揉／撫摩背部▸➤scratch撓背BACK + VERB➤arch背拱起▸➤stiffen, straighten身板挺直◇His back stiffened as he saw the photographers waiting.看到攝影師等着，他挺直了身板。➤ache, hurt背疼BACK + NOUN➤injury, pain, trouble背傷；背疼；背部不適▸➤muscles背部肌肉▸➤support靠背◇a seat with good back support靠背舒適的座位➤massage, rub背部按摩◇Would you give me a back rub?你能給我按摩一下後背嗎？PREPOSITION➤behind sb's back在背後；背地裏；私下◇They tied his hands behind his back.他們把他的手反綁在背後。◇People say bad things about him behind his back, but never to his face. (figurative) 人們在背後說他的壞話，但從不當面說。➤flat on your back因病卧牀◇I was flat on my back for six weeks when I broke my leg.我摔斷腿後在牀上躺了 6 週。➤on your back在背上；仰着◇He was carrying a small child on his back.他背着一個小孩。◇She was lying on her back on the sofa.她仰卧在沙發上。➤in the/your back在背部◇I have a nagging pain in my lower back.我後腰老是疼。➤back to背對着◇He was standing with his back to the fire.他背對着爐火站着。PHRASES➤sb's back is turned某人轉身離開◇The boss was certain that the staff would stop working as soon as his back was turned. (figurative) 老闆確信只要他一走開，員工就會停止工作。➤back to back背對背◇The children sat back to back.孩子們背對背坐着。➤a pat on the back, a slap on the back拍一下背部；讚揚；鼓勵◇He smiled and gave me a hearty slap on the back.他笑了笑，親切地拍了一下我的背。◇She deserves a pat on the back for her efforts. (figurative) 她的努力值得鼓勵。➤the small of your back腰部◇She felt a sharp pain in the small of her back.她感到腰部一陣劇痛。➤turn your back (on sb/sth)轉身背對；離開◇Actors should never turn their backs on the audience.演員切忌背對觀眾。◇She decided to turn her back on Paris and return home. (figurative) 她決定離開巴黎回家去。➤watch your back (= be careful because people may want to harm you) 當心背後（有人使壞）◇I warned her she should watch her back.我警告她要提防有人暗中使壞。
back

noun²

 2part furthest from the front最後部PREPOSITION | PHRASES PREPOSITION➤around back, around the back, round the back (BrE) (= to the area behind the house, etc.) 繞到後面◇Come around back and I'll show you the pool.繞到後面，我帶你看看泳池。◇If you'd like to come round the back, I'll show you the garden.你可以繞到房後，我帶你看看花園。➤at the back在後面◇We could only get seats at the back.我們只能坐後面的座位。➤down the back沿着後部◇My money's all fallen down the back of the cushion.我的錢都從墊子後面掉下去了。➤in back (NAmE) 在後部◇There's room for three people in back.後排能坐三個人。➤in the back (BrE) 在後部◇Two passengers sat in the back of the car.兩名乘客坐在轎車的後排。➤to the back到後部去◇The cup had been pushed to the back of the cupboard.杯子給推到櫥櫃後部去了。➤towards/toward the back接近後部◇The arts page is usually towards / toward the back of the newspaper.藝術版通常在報紙的後幾版。PHRASES➤back to front (BrE) 前後顛倒◇I had my pullover on back to front.我的套頭衫前後穿反了。
back

verb¹

 1move back後移ADVERB | VERB + BACK | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤hastily, hurriedly, immediately, quickly急匆匆地／匆忙／立即／迅速後退◇She backed away hurriedly.她匆忙後退。➤slowly慢慢後退◇He backed slowly out of the room.他慢慢退出房間。➤instinctively本能地後退◇They instinctively backed away from the intense heat.熱浪前他們本能地倒退。➤cautiously, nervously謹慎地／緊張地退後◇He took a step forward and she nervously backed away.他上前一步，她緊張地後退。➤away, in, off, up退離；退入；退開；倒退◇Try backing the car in－it's easier that way.試着倒車進去 － 這樣容易些。◇Back off! There's no need to yell at me.走開點兒！不用對我大吼大叫！◇Can you back your car up so that I can get through?你能不能把車倒一下讓我過去？VERB + BACK➤try to試圖後移◇He tried to back away.他試圖退後躲避。PREPOSITION➤across倒退着穿過◇She backed across the room.她倒退到房間的另一端。➤away from退避開⋯◇The children backed away from him in fear.孩子們嚇得倒退着躲開了他。➤into倒進◇She backed into the garage.她把車倒進了車庫。➤out of倒出◇He backed out of the drive.他把車倒着開出了車道。
back

verb²

 2support sb/sth支持ADVERB➤strongly強烈支持◇Teachers are strongly backing the new educational policies.老師們強烈支持新的教育政策。➤fully完全支持▸➤overwhelmingly壓倒性地支持▸➤unanimously一致支持▸➤openly, publicly公開支持；當眾支持▸➤financially經濟上支持◇His election bid was financially backed by a soft drinks company.他的競選得到了一家軟飲料公司的資助。➤up支持；證明◇I'll back you up if they don't believe you.如果他們不相信你，我來為你作證。
back

verb

 ●back downVERB + BACK DOWN➤will (not)（不）會放棄◇He will never back down.他絕不會讓步。➤refuse to拒絕放棄▸➤be forced to, have to被迫／不得不放棄PREPOSITION➤from放棄⋯◇The government was forced to back down from implementing these proposals.政府被迫放棄實施這些計劃。➤over就⋯作出讓步◇The committee finally backed down over the issue of spending cuts.委員會最終在削減開支這件事上作出了讓步。
IELTS BNC: 105 COCA: 108
back verb
⇨ support 1back noun
⇨ turn your back on sb ⇨ leave 5 verb ⇨ a pat on the back ⇨ praise ⇨ stab sb in the back ⇨ tell verb 2
IELTS BNC: 105 COCA: 108

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